PBS高端访谈:以色列和阿联酋关系正常化

JUDY WOODRUFF: Returning now to the deal between Israel and the United Arab Emirates to normalize relations, midwifed diplomatically by the Trump¹ administration. There are many moving parts here. And our foreign affairs correspondent, Nick Schifrin, joins me now to walk us through it. So, Nick, how significant is this?

朱迪·伍德拉夫：现代回到关于以色列和阿联酋关系正常化的协议，它是特朗普政府助产下的产物。但还有许多工作要去处理，我们的外交事务记者尼克·希夫林现在和我一起为我们介绍一下。尼克，该协议有哪些意义？

NICK SCHIFRIN: Judy, one analyst² call this a seismic³ shift. Another analyst told me this was inevitable⁴. But the fact is that the UAE becomes only the third country to normalize relations with Israel. Israel and the UAE had already been growing closer because of a shared enemy, Iran. But if they had been working mostly under the table over the last few years, this basically removes the table. As one senior U.S. official put it to me today, that just because this isn't maybe a big surprise doesn't make it a big deal. And the U.S. and Israeli officials hope that it is an even bigger deal because it leads to more countries normalizing relations. A senior U.S. official told me he hopes it is a domino effect. U.S. and Israeli officials have been talking to Bahrain, Oman, hoping that at least one of them, Judy, joins the UAE at a signing ceremony at the White House next month.

尼克·希夫林：朱迪，一位分析师称之为地震性的转变。另一位分析师告诉我，这是不可避免的。但事实是，阿联酋成为第三个与以色列关系正常化的国家。由于共同的敌人伊朗，以色列和阿联酋的关系已经越来越密切。但是如果说他们过去几年都是在桌下面互动，那么这次是把桌子移走。正如一位美国高级官员今天对我说的那样，仅仅因为这不是什么大惊喜，也不是什么大事。美国和以色列官员希望这是一个更大的协议，因为这将导致更多国家实现关系正常化。一位美国高级官员告诉我，他希望这是多米诺骨牌效应。美国和以色列官员一直在与巴林、阿曼谈判，希望其中至少有一人，朱迪，下个月在白宫举行的签字仪式上加入阿联酋阵营。

JUDY WOODRUFF: So, Nick, what changes on the ground right now in Israel and in the UAE?

朱迪·伍德拉夫：那么，尼克，现在以色列和阿联酋的情况有什么变化？

NICK SCHIFRIN: The two countries will open embassies. And that means there will be an Israeli embassy across the Persian Gulf⁵ from Iran. They will sign bilateral⁶ deals over trade, technology, business. There will be Emirati investment into an Israeli vaccine⁷ on COVID. And they will be direct flights between the UAE and Israel. Israel hopes that those changes are permanent. But what is not permanent, Judy, is the deal over annexation⁹. Bibi Netanyahu today was very specific. He said that annexation was not off the table. U.S. Ambassador to Israel David Friedman just a few minutes ago repeated that same language, saying that Israel did not have to take annexation off the table permanently¹⁰, even though the Emirates today said that the annexation of occupied West Bank had been "stopped." Judy, behind the scenes, U.S. officials tell me that Jared Kushner had already been pushing Israel not to annex⁸ some of the occupied West Bank in order to make sure that today's deal wouldn't be blocked.

尼克·席夫林：两国将开设大使馆。这意味着在波斯湾和伊朗之间将会有一个以色列大使馆。他们将签署有关贸易、技术、商业的双边协议。阿联酋将投资以色列的新冠疫苗。阿联酋和以色列之间的直飞航班将开通。以色列希望这些变化是永久性的。但是，朱迪，不是永久性的，是关于兼并的协议。内塔尼亚胡今天的讲话非常具体。他说兼并并不是不可能的。几分钟前，美国驻以色列大使大卫·弗里德曼重复了同样的话，他说以色列无需永远不谈论兼并。尽管阿联酋今天表示，对被占领的约旦河西岸的吞并已经“停止”朱迪，在谈判桌下，美国官员告诉我，贾里德·库什纳已经在敦促以色列不要吞并一些被占领的约旦河西岸地区，为了确保今天的协议不会受阻。

JUDY WOODRUFF: And, finally, Nick, we see the Palestinians critical of this. What are they saying about it?

朱迪·伍德拉夫：最后，尼克，我们看到巴勒斯坦人对此持批评态度。他们在说什么？

NICK SCHIFRIN: Palestinians are expressing a sense of abandonment. Emirati leaders' relationship with the Palestinian Authority was already very strained. But this is exactly what the Palestinians feared, an Arab country normalizing with Israel, despite steps, despite policies that the Palestinians opposed, the U.S. moving the embassy to Jerusalem, the U.S. endorsing¹¹ the annexation of the Golan Heights, and cutting off funds to the U.N. Palestinian Refugee Agency. Israeli officials hope that this isolates¹² Palestinian officials, convinces them to make a deal. But the sentiment among Palestinians is really expressed by a tweet tonight from Hanan Ashrawi, a longtime Palestinian senior official. She is quoted, saying: May you never be sold out by your friends, Judy.

尼克·席夫林：巴勒斯坦人正在表达一种被遗弃的感觉。阿联酋领导人与巴勒斯坦权力机构的关系已经非常紧张。但这正是巴勒斯坦人所担心的，一个与以色列实现正常化的阿拉伯国家，尽管采取了一些措施，尽管有巴勒斯坦人反对的政策，美国把大使馆迁到耶路撒冷，美国支持吞并戈兰高地，切断联合国巴勒斯坦难民署的资金。以色列官员希望这能孤立巴勒斯坦官员，说服他们达成协议，但今晚哈南·阿什拉维在推特上的一条推文，确实表达了巴勒斯坦人的情绪，她是一名长期担任巴勒斯坦高级官员。她说：朱迪，愿你永远不会被你的朋友出卖。

JUDY WOODRUFF: All right, Nick Schifrin reporting on all this for us. Thank you, Nick.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：好吧，尼克·席夫林为我们报道这一切。谢谢你，尼克。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 seismic   

a.地震的，地震强度的

参考例句：

• Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves.地震产生两种地震波。
• The latest seismic activity was also felt in northern Kenya.肯尼亚北部也感觉到了最近的地震活动。

4 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

5 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

6 bilateral   

adj.双方的，两边的，两侧的

参考例句：

• They have been negotiating a bilateral trade deal.他们一直在商谈一项双边贸易协定。
• There was a wide gap between the views of the two statesmen on the bilateral cooperation.对双方合作的问题，两位政治家各自所持的看法差距甚大。

7 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

8 annex   

vt.兼并，吞并；n.附属建筑物

参考例句：

• It plans to annex an England company in order to enlarge the market.它计划兼并一家英国公司以扩大市场。
• The annex has been built on to the main building.主楼配建有附属的建筑物。

9 annexation   

n.吞并，合并

参考例句：

• He mentioned the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910 .他提及1910年日本对朝鲜的吞并。
• I regard the question of annexation as belonging exclusively to the United States and Texas.我认为合并的问题，完全属于德克萨斯和美国之间的事。

10 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。

11 endorsing   

v.赞同( endorse的现在分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品

参考例句：

• Yet Communist leaders are also publicly endorsing religion in an unprecedented way. 不过，共产党领导层对宗教信仰的公开认可也是以前不曾有过的。 来自互联网
• Connecticut Independent Senator Joseph Lieberman is endorsing Republican Senator John McCain. 康涅狄格州独立派参议员约瑟夫。列波曼将会票选共和议员约翰。麦凯恩。 来自互联网

12 isolates   

v.使隔离( isolate的第三人称单数 )；将…剔出（以便看清和单独处理）；使（某物质、细胞等）分离；使离析

参考例句：

• The transformer isolates the transistors with regard to d-c bias voltage. 变压器可在两个晶体管之间隔离直流偏压。 来自辞典例句
• In regions with certain isolates of TRV, spraining is more prominent. 在具有TRV某些分离物的地区，坏死是比较显著的。 来自辞典例句