医学英语轻松学 第19期:外伤性脑损伤

 Recent high-profile cases among professional¹ athletes have called attention to the serious problem of traumatic brain injuries, or TBI, but the problem isn’t limited to playing fields.

近期，备受瞩目的运动员事件让我们重视了对“外伤性脑损伤”的重视程度，但这一类问题并不限于运动场。

In 2009, at least 3,500,000 people in the US sustained² a TBI, either with or without other injuries.

2009年，它处受伤不计，至少35万美国民众患有“外伤性脑损伤”。

Falls, car crashes, and being struck by an object are the leading causes of TBI.

衰落、车祸或被物体砸中都是TBI的主因。

Males have the highest rate, and people 75 or older with a TBI are more likely to require hospitalization and to die.

男性比例最高，75岁或以上患者更容易因TBI住院或死亡。

Early diagnosis³ and treatment of TBI are important to prevent long-term⁴ problems.

早期诊疗对避免TBI的长期不良影响至关重要。

If you or someone you know has suffered a blow to the head, seek treatment immediately.

如果你或身旁人头部遭重击，应立即接受治疗。

1.traumatic brain injury 外伤性脑损伤

例句：Distortion⁵ of balance is often a consequence of traumatic brain injury.

失衡往往是创伤性脑损伤带来的结果。

2.car crash 车祸

例句：Car crash, broken glass, broke my dreaming.

车辆猛撞了，玻璃尽裂，打碎我的梦。

3.playing field 运动场

例句：Biggest difference is our safety net which, it seems, the GOP wants to level that playing field.

最大的区别是我们的安全网似乎是等同于运动场。

4.at least 至少

例句：Well, at least not for me.

至少对我而言不是。

1 professional   

adj.专业的；职业的；n.专业人员；职业运动员

参考例句：

• He is a professional tennis player.他是一名职业网球运动员。
• I need a professional to sort out my finances.我需要专业人士为我管理财务。

2 sustained   

adj.持久的，持续的v.维持( sustain的过去式和过去分词 )；支撑；忍受；长期保持

参考例句：

• Without correct leadership, the enthusiasm of the masses cannot be sustained. 没有正确的领导，群众的积极性就不可能持久。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• He has sustained a great loss by the death of his father. 他父亲的去世使他蒙受巨大的损失。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

4 long-term   

adj.长远的，长期的

参考例句：

• It isn't a long-term policy.这不是长久之计。
• We must calculate on a long-term basis.我们要作长期打算。

5 distortion   

n.歪曲

参考例句：

• Her account of the incident was a grotesque distortion of the truth.她对这件事的陈述是荒诞地歪曲了事实。
• The distortion of form is a constant in his painting.曲线型是他绘画的一贯特点。