英语四级词汇真题强化训练 (第五期)

本期真题

1. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ______.
A) originally B) extremely C) violently D) intensively

2. You have nothing to ______ by refusing to listen to our advice.
A) gain B) grasp C) seize D) earn

3. As a result of careless washing the jacket ______ to a child's size.
A) compressed B) shrank C) dropped D) decreased

4. He hoped the firm would ______ him to the Paris branch.
A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove

5. Having decided¹ to rent a flat, we ______ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.
A) set about B) set down C) set out D) set up

正确答案：

1.D

雇主和雇员之间的关系已经被集中讨论

originally
ad.
1. 起初,原来
It was originally a toy factory.
那原来是一家玩具工厂。
2. 独创地,新颖地

extremely
ad.
1. 极端地;极其;非常
We got on extremely well.
我们相处得极好。
I am extremely sorry.
我非常抱歉。
This is an extremely difficult task.
这是一项极其困难的任务。

violently
ad.
1. 激烈地,猛烈地
They have come into conflict, sometimes violently.
他们产生了矛盾,有时矛盾还非常激烈。
2. 暴力地
3. 极度地
This drug can make some people violently ill.
这药使用后会使一些人感到极其不舒服。
4. 狂暴地,凶暴地

intensively
ad.
1. 强烈地;集中地

2.A

你拒绝听我们的建议将什么也得不到。

gain
vt.
1. 得到;获得,赢得(战争、诉讼等)
Our army gained the battle.
我们的军队赢得了那场战役。
He gained possession of more land.
他拥有了更多的土地。
2. 使得到[O1]
He had gained himself a reputation for unfairness.
他使自己得到了一个不公正的名声。
3. 增加,增添
I gained five pounds in a week.
我一个星期体重增加了五磅。
4. 到达
We gained our destination before dark.
我们天黑之前到达了目的地。
5. (钟、表等)快
My watch gains five minutes a day.
我的表一天快五分钟。
vi.
1. 获利,赚钱;得益[(+by/from)]
We all gained from the experience.
我们都从这次经验中获益。
2. 取得进展;得到改善;增进健康
The singer is gaining in popularity.
这歌手越来越受到人们的欢迎。
3. (钟、表等)走快
n.
1. 获得;增加;获利[C]
The baby had a gain of half a pound.
婴儿的体重增加了半磅。
He served the public wholeheartedly, regardless of his personal gain or loss.
他全心全意为公众服务,从不计较个人得失。
2. 获得物;收益,利润[C]
He escaped to South America with his ill-gotten gains.
他带着不义之财逃往南美。

grasp
vt.
1. 抓牢;握紧;抱住
The little girl grasped her mother's arm.
小女孩抓住了她母亲的手臂。
2. 领会,理解
I don't grasp your meaning.
我不懂你的意思。
3. 急切地抓住(机会等)
vi.
1. 抓
He will grasp at anything that might help him achieve fame.
他会抢着做任何有助于他成名的事情。
n.[S]
1. 抓,紧握;抱
He held my hand in a friendly grasp.
他友好地紧紧握着我的手。
2. 理解,领会
His ideas are beyond my grasp.
他的想法我不能理解。
3. 能力所及的限度;范围
Victory seemed within the team's grasp.
看来这个队胜利垂手可得。
4. 控制;支配;控制力
She is in the grasp of a wicked man.
她受到一个恶人的控制。

seize
vt.
1. 抓住;捉住
The police seized an escaping convict.
警察抓住了一个在逃犯。
He seized her hand and shook it heartily².
他拉住她的手高兴地握着。
2. 夺取;攻占
The enemy seized the town after a violent attack.
敌人猛攻后占领了这个城镇。
3. 逮捕;掳获
4. 没收;扣押;查封
The customs officers seized the smuggled³ heroin⁴.
海关官员没收了走私的海洛因。
5. 抓住(时机等),利用
He seized the chance of a trip to Singapore.
他抓住那次去新加坡旅行的机会。
6. 掌握,理解
7. (疾病)侵袭;(情绪)支配,控制[H][(+by/with)]
He was seized with a slight attack of fever.
他有一点发烧。
He was suddenly seized with panic.
他突然惊恐万分。
8. 【律】依法占有
vi.
1. 抓住,捉住;夺取[(+on/upon)]
We seized on his remark and regarded it as a promise.
我们抓住他的话把它当作是一种承诺。
2. 利用[(+on/upon)]
3. (机器等因受压等)卡住,咬住

earn
vt.
1. 赚得,挣得
How much do you earn a week?
你一周赚多少钱?
2. 博得,赢得
3. 使得到,使赢得
His achievements earned him respect and admiration⁵.
他的成就赢得人们的尊敬和仰慕。

3.B

由于粗心地洗上衣,衣服被缩至小孩的尺寸

compressed
a.
1. 压缩的
2. 【生】扁长形的

shrink
vi.
1. 收缩,缩短,皱缩
This dress material shrinks in the wash.
这种衣料一洗要缩水。
2. 退缩,畏怯
The boy shrank into a corner when the bully⁶ threatened to beat him.
恶棍威胁说要揍那男孩,男孩便退缩到一个角落里。
3. 变小,变少,变瘦
When his influence began to shrink, his wealth also decreased.
当他的影响缩小时,他的财富也减少了。
4. 回避,退避[(+from)]
She shrinks from meeting strangers.
她怕见生人。
vt.
1. 使收缩,使皱缩
Hot water shrinks wool.
热水会使羊毛皱缩。
2. 使缩小,使变瘦
Shortage of hands has shrunk our plant's yearly output.
人手不足已使我们厂的年产量减少。
n.
1. 收缩[C]
2. 畏缩[C]
3. 【美】【俚】精神科医师[C]

drop
n.
1. (一)滴[C]
The rain was leaking in large drops through the roof.
雨正大滴大滴地从屋顶漏下来。
2. 点滴,微量[C]
3. 水果糖;糖球[C]
4. 落下;下降;(水)落差[S]
The drop in prices was quite unexpected.
价格的下跌是完全没有料到的。
5. 【美】投信口;丢放东西之处[C]
6. 空投;空投物品;空投的人[C]
They are requesting air drops of foodstuffs⁷ to the flooded areas.
他们要求对洪灾地区空投食品。
7. 滴剂[P]
vt.
1. 使滴下
She dropped some lemon juice into her tea.
她在茶里滴了几滴柠檬汁。
2. 丢下,扔下;降低
I dropped the letter into the mail-box.
我将信投入信箱。
3. 【口】下(车);卸(货)[O]
Please drop me at the school gate.
请让我在校门口下车。
4. 丢弃;中断;停止
If a fire alarm is given, drop whatever you are doing, and leave the building at once.
如遇火警,立即停止手头的一切工作,马上离开建筑物。
5. 将...除名[(+from)]
He's been dropped from the boxing team.
他已被拳击队除名。
6. 无意中说出
He dropped me a hint over dinner.
我们一起吃饭时他给了我一点暗示。
7. 【口】输(钱)
8. 遗漏;省略
He dropped a whole line in typing.
他打字时漏了整整一行。
9. (动物)产(仔)
10. 【俚】吞服(迷幻药、毒品)
She dropped acid in high school.
她高中时代服迷幻药。
vi.
1. 滴下;落下;掉下
A flower pot dropped from his balcony.
一个花盆从他家阳台落下。
2. (价格、温度等)下降;(声音、风等)变弱
The temperature has dropped drastically.
气温已大大下降。
3. (顺便)访问[Q]
I'd like to drop in and see you sometime next week.
我想在下周什么时候顺便来看看你。
4. 落后[Q]
5. 停止,终止
6. (因疲劳、受伤等)倒下
He dropped with overwork.
他因过度工作累倒了。
7. (动物)出生

decrease
vi.
1. 减;减少,减小[(+in/to)]
Car sales are decreasing.
汽车销售量下跌。
vt.
1. 减;减少,减小[(+to)]
These measures will help decrease the cost of production.
这些措施有助于降低生产成本。
They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.
他们正尽力减少生产成本。

4.C

他希望公司将转他到巴黎分部。

exchange
vt.
1. 交换;调换;兑换[(+for/with)]
I'd like to exchange some pounds for dollars.
我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。
We'll have an opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.
明天我们将有机会交换看法。
vi.
1. 交换;兑换;调换职务(或位置)
n.
1. 交换;交流;交易[C]
An exchange of opinions is helpful.
相互交换意见是有益的。
2. (电话)交换机;交换台[C]
What is the rate of exchange between the pound and the mark?
英镑与马克的兑换率是多少?
3. 交易所;市场[C]
4. 交战,交火[C]
5. 汇兑;兑换;汇率

transmit
vt.
1. 传送,传达
I will transmit the money by special messenger.
我将专门派人送这笔钱。
2. 传(光、热、声等);传动
They are trying to find a better way of transmitting energy.
他们正试图寻找一种更好的输能方法。
3. 遗传;留传[(+to)]
Genes are transmitted from one generation to another.
基因代代相传。
4. 发射;播送[(+to)]
The message was transmitted by radio.
这情报是用无线电发送的。
5. 传播;传染[(+to)]
Rats transmit disease.
老鼠传播疾病。
vi.
1. 播送信号;发报

transfer
vt.[(+from/to)]
1. 搬;转换;调动
She has been transferred to another department.
她已被调往另一部门。
At the port the goods were transferred onto a ship.
货物在港口被转移到一艘船上。
2. 使换车;使转校
Her father transferred her to a better school.
她父亲把她转到了一所更好的学校。
3. 改变,转变
Within a few years they had transferred barren wastes into fertile fields.
几年之内他们就把荒地变成了良田。
4. 转印,描摹
You transfer the embroidery⁸ design from the paper to cloth by pressing it with a warm iron.
你用热熨斗一烫就把刺绣图样转印到布上。
5. 转让,让渡
To preserve the farm intact, he transferred it to one heir.
为了保持这个农场的完整,他将它移交给一个继承人。
vi.[(+from/to)]
1. 搬迁,转移;调任
The company has transferred to the west coast.
公司已迁往西海岸。
2. 换车,转车
You can take the subway and then transfer to a bus.
你可先乘地铁然后转乘公共汽车。
3. 转校,转学科
June transferred to an American college in 1990.
琼在一九九○年转学到一所美国的大学。

remove
vt.
1. 移动,搬开;调动[(+from/to)]
Students removed several desks to another classroom.
学生们把几张书桌搬到另外一间教室。
She removed the painting to another wall.
她把画搬到另一面墙上。
2. 脱掉;去掉,消除[(+from)]
She saw he had removed his glasses.
她看到他摘下了他的眼镜。
3. 使离去;把...免职;撤去[(+from)]
He was removed from the post.
他被解雇了。
The corrupt⁹ official was removed from office.
这个贪官被罢了职。
4. 【婉】杀死,杀害
5. 【律】移交(案件)
vi.
1. 迁移,搬家[(+from/to)]
The manager's office has removed to another building.
经理的办公室已搬到另外一幢大楼里。
2. 【书】离开
3. 移动
n.[C]
1. 距离,间隔;一步之差[(+from)]
Your action seems several removes from reality.
你的行动似乎有些脱离实际。
2. 移动;迁移,搬家
3. 【主英】英国学校中学校升级前被安排的班级;升级[the S]

5.A

已经决定租一个公寓后，我们开始在城市与全部住处代理联系。

accommodation

n.
1. 适应;调节[S1]
make an accommodation to wartime conditions
适应战时的条件
2. 调和;和解[C]
They reached an accommodation with neighboring countries.
他们同邻国和解了。
3. 乐于助人
4. 方便;方便设施[[C]
5. 住处;膳宿[P1]
overnight accommodations
过夜的住处
6. 【美】(舟、车等处的)预订铺位(或座位)[P]
He called the hotel for accommodations.
他打电话给旅馆订房间。
7. 眼调节
8. 【美】贷款
9. 融通票据的签发

agencification
n.
代理机构化

set about
1. 着手,开始(做)
He set about learning Chinese at age ten.
他在十岁时开始学中文。
She set about her housework straight after breakfast.
她早饭后立即着手料理家务。

set down
1. 记下
I have set down everything that happened.
我已将发生的每件事记了下来。

set out
1. 开始
He set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.
他开始着手粉刷整幢房子,可是只完成了前面的部分。

set up
1. 竖立;建造
2. 建立,创立
A new government was set up after the war.
新政府于战后成立。

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 heartily   

adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很

参考例句：

• He ate heartily and went out to look for his horse.他痛快地吃了一顿，就出去找他的马。
• The host seized my hand and shook it heartily.主人抓住我的手，热情地和我握手。

3 smuggled   

水货

参考例句：

• The customs officer confiscated the smuggled goods. 海关官员没收了走私品。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Those smuggled goods have been detained by the port office. 那些走私货物被港务局扣押了。 来自互联网

4 heroin   

n.海洛因

参考例句：

• Customs have made their biggest ever seizure of heroin.海关查获了有史以来最大的一批海洛因。
• Heroin has been smuggled out by sea.海洛因已从海上偷运出境。

5 admiration   

n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕

参考例句：

• He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。
• We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。

6 bully   

n.恃强欺弱者，小流氓；vt.威胁，欺侮

参考例句：

• A bully is always a coward.暴汉常是懦夫。
• The boy gave the bully a pelt on the back with a pebble.那男孩用石子掷击小流氓的背脊。

7 foodstuffs   

食物，食品( foodstuff的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Imports of foodstuffs accounted for a small proportion of total imports. 食物进口仅占总进口额的一小部份。
• Many basic foodstuffs, such as bread and milk, are tax-free. 许多基本食物如牛奶和面包是免税的。

8 embroidery   

n.绣花，刺绣；绣制品

参考例句：

• This exquisite embroidery won people's great admiration.这件精美的绣品，使人惊叹不已。
• This is Jane's first attempt at embroidery.这是简第一次试着绣花。

9 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。