外媒:受经济影响,中国涨薪潮已经开始消退

 Rapid wage gains in China that began after the 2009 global financial crisis have begun to fade as the economy slows, and that could create problems for officials trying to boost domestic consumption.

中国的涨薪潮开始于2009年全球性金融危机之后，而随着中国经济增速的放缓，涨薪潮也开始消退，这将给试图提升国内消费的中国政府带来一些问题。

Income increases for migrant workers will fall below 7 percent this year, down from a 7.2 percent rise in 2015, according to nine of 12 economists² surveyed by Bloomberg News this month. The findings follow an announcement by Guangdong province, China's biggest exporter and one of the biggest destinations for rural job seekers, that it will freeze minimum wages for two years.

据彭博新闻社网站3月23日报道，彭博新闻社本月对12位经济学家进行了调查，其中9位经济学家认为，外出务工人员的收入增幅今年可能低于7%，比2015年7.2%的增幅有所下降。报道称，在此之前，中国出口大省、外出务工人员主要就业目的地广东省宣布，将冻结最低工资标准两年。

A slower rise in labor³ costs could make Chinese companies more competitive while also helping⁴ employers weather structural⁵ reforms.

报道认为，人力成本增幅减缓可能使中国公司更具竞争力，同时帮助用人单位适应结构性改革。中国的上届政府曾经通过提升工资，来扩大国内需求。

外媒:受经济影响,中国涨薪潮已经开始消退

"China's fairly pragmatic policy makers⁶ have recognized the limits of things like minimum wage increases," said Louis Kuijs, chief Asia economist¹ at Oxford⁷ Economics in Hong Kong. "You cannot expect wage growth to continue if business conditions and profit developments are weaker."

牛津经济咨询社驻香港的首席亚洲经济学家高路易说：“中国相当务实的决策者已经意识到提高最低工资标准等做法的局限性。如果商业环境和盈利状况变得更加疲弱，你就不可能期待工资继续保持强劲增长。”

Consumers also won't spend as freely, according to the survey. Six economists said they see average disposable income rising 6.5 to 6.9 percent this year, compared with a 7.4 percent increase in 2015. Four forecast a rise of 7 percent to 7.4 percent.

此次调查显示，消费者不会像以前那样自由支出。6位经济学家说，他们认为平均可支配收入今年的增幅为6.5%至6.9%，而2015年的增幅为7.4%。4位经济学家预测，平均可支配收入的增幅为7%至7.4%。

Jobs and income were among the top agenda items for the Chinese congress meeting earlier this month in Beijing and again this week on the southern island of Hainan, where policy makers are gathering⁸ for their annual Boao Forum⁹. Premier¹⁰ Li Keqiang set a target for creating 10 million jobs this year, the same goal as the last two years.

本月早些时候在北京举行的中国全国人民代表大会上，就业和收入问题被列入首要议程，在本周开幕的博鳌亚洲论坛上亦是如此。中国制定了今年新增1000万个就业机会的目标，这与前两年的目标一致。

Even with smaller pay rises for workers, economists still forecast an increase in joblessness in China this year. The urban unemployment rate will rise to 5.3 percent to 5.5 percent in 2016, up from about 5.1 percent last year, seven out of 12 economists said in a Bloomberg survey.

报道称，即使劳动者工资上涨幅度减小，经济学家仍预测中国今年的失业率将上升。在接受彭博新闻社调查的12位经济学家中有7位表示，2016年城镇失业率将达到5.3%至5.5%，比去年的5.1%有所上升。

The projected weakening of the job market is notable because China has a shrinking labor force, something that otherwise would typically lead to companies having to pay more to attract the workers they need.

经济学家预测就业市场将日益疲软，这值得关注，因为中国的劳动人口正日益萎缩，这通常会导致公司必须支付更多薪酬，以吸引其所需的劳动者。

Wage growth has been held down by salary freezes, most recently in Guangdong, China's most populous¹¹ province with 107 million people and a $1.1 trillion economy. The provincial¹² government said last month it will freeze the minimum wage for two years to help companies cut labor costs.

最近在广东，这个拥有1.07亿居民的人口大省以及1.1亿经济总量的经济大省，工资增长已被冻结。广东省政府上月表示，将冻结最低工资标准两年，以帮助企业降低人力成本。

Seven economists said migrant worker wage growth will decelerate to 6.5 to 6.9 percent this year, while two project that it will fall below 6.5 percent.

7位经济学家表示，外出务工人员工资增幅今年将降到6.5%至6.9%，还有两位经济学家预测将降至6.5%以下。

Average monthly wages for China's 277 million migrant workers rose 7.4 percent last year to 3,072 yuan, slower than the 9.8 percent gain in 2014 and 13.9 percent in 2013, National Bureau of Statistics data show. The most recent data for wages for all Chinese workers show they grew 9.5 percent in 2014, the slowest pace since at least 2000.

国家统计局数据显示，去年，中国2.77亿外出务工人员的月均工资增长了7.2%，至3072元，增速低于2014年的9.8%和2013年的13.9%。而最新数据显示，所有城镇就业人员2014年工资增速为9.5%，是自2000年以来增速最慢的一年。

1 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

2 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

4 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

5 structural   

adj.构造的，组织的，建筑（用）的

参考例句：

• The storm caused no structural damage.风暴没有造成建筑结构方面的破坏。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities.北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

6 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

8 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

9 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

10 premier   

adj.首要的；n.总理，首相

参考例句：

• The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。
• He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。

11 populous   

adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的

参考例句：

• London is the most populous area of Britain.伦敦是英国人口最稠密的地区。
• China is the most populous developing country in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。

12 provincial   

adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人

参考例句：

• City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes.城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。
• Two leading cadres came down from the provincial capital yesterday.昨天从省里下来了两位领导干部。