纪录片《文明》 第128期 艺术的胜利（5）

The Western Renaissance¹ had been founded on the idea

西方文艺复兴的基础理念

of rebuilding the ruins of the classical pagan past

就是要重建古典异教风格的过去

and re-consecrating them for a new Christian² age.

再将此重新奉献给新的基督教时代

The supreme³ test would be St Peter's.

终极考验就是圣伯多禄大殿

The original basilica built by Constantine in the fourth century

大殿原本是四世纪时由君士坦丁大帝建造的

was, by 1500, in danger of collapse⁴.

到十六世纪 早已几近坍塌

In 1505, Pope Julius II shocked Rome

在1505年 教宗儒略二世决定拆毁

by deciding to demolish⁵ the old basilica.

老旧的大殿 这一决定震惊了罗马

The visionary architect Donato Bromante won the competition

远见卓识的建筑师多纳托.伯拉孟特赢得了

to build its successor.

重建大殿的资格

He got the job because a small,

他能得到这份工作是因为

perfect building caught the Pope's eye.

一座完美的小型建筑令教宗侧目

This little gem⁶ is really a glimpse inside the Renaissance mind,

这座小而精悍的建筑充分体现了文艺复兴理念

in particular, into Donato Bromante's mind.

特别是充分体现了多纳托.伯拉孟特的理念

It's a freestanding shrine⁷ to St Peter

那是一个圣彼得的独立神龛

in the cloister⁸ of the church of San Pietro in Montorio,

位于蒙托里奥的圣伯多禄大殿的走廊中

the place where St Peter himself was said

据说就是在那个地方

to have been crucified upside down.

圣彼得被倒着钉死在了十字架上

Let's think about what the word Renaissance means.

让我们来想想文艺复兴这个词的意思

It means a rebirth.

它意味着重生

And what was being reborn was classical antiquity⁹.

而获得重生的就是经典的古风古迹

Bromante walked around Rome making very careful

伯拉孟特在罗马四处游走 将他的所见

scholarly notes of what he saw.

记录成了严谨的学术笔记

What he saw were pagan temples.

他看到了异教的神庙

So, what we have here is the perfect classical form

我们现在所见的就是已被毁掉的罗马教堂

of one of those ruined Roman temples.

完美的古典风格

A dome¹⁰, sitting on a drum,

一个坐落在圆鼓石上的穹顶

with a colonnaded¹¹ encirclement outside.

外围环绕一圈石柱廊

And, as such, what it does is take those perfect forms,

如此一来 这座建筑就将这些完美的图形

the hemisphere and wheeling circle,

将半球形和旋转的圆圈线条

the revolution of the planets,

将星球的革命结合起来

like a great cosmic timepiece, and says,

仿佛一台巨大的宇宙时钟 好像在说

this, harmoniously¹², is how the new sacred art is going to be.

这种和谐之美才是新一代宗教艺术该有的样子

There's something else on Bromante's mind, as well.

伯拉孟特也有别的想法

This is really a miniature size, doll's house prototype

这就是一个微小的雏形

for what he will want to happen to St Peter's itself.

他就想将圣伯多禄大殿建成这个样子

1 renaissance   

n.复活，复兴，文艺复兴

参考例句：

• The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
• The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.大会的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。

2 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

3 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

4 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

5 demolish   

v.拆毁(建筑物等)，推翻(计划、制度等)

参考例句：

• They're going to demolish that old building.他们将拆毁那座旧建筑物。
• He was helping to demolish an underground garage when part of the roof collapsed.他当时正在帮忙拆除一个地下汽车库，屋顶的一部份突然倒塌。

6 gem   

n.宝石，珠宝；受爱戴的人 [同]jewel

参考例句：

• The gem is beyond my pocket.这颗宝石我可买不起。
• The little gem is worth two thousand dollars.这块小宝石价值两千美元。

7 shrine   

n.圣地，神龛，庙；v.将...置于神龛内，把...奉为神圣

参考例句：

• The shrine was an object of pilgrimage.这处圣地是人们朝圣的目的地。
• They bowed down before the shrine.他们在神龛前鞠躬示敬。

8 cloister   

n.修道院；v.隐退，使与世隔绝

参考例句：

• They went out into the stil,shadowy cloister garden.他们出了房间，走到那个寂静阴沉的修道院的园子里去。
• The ancient cloister was a structure of red brick picked out with white stone.古老的修道院是一座白石衬托着的红砖建筑物。

9 antiquity   

n.古老；高龄；古物，古迹

参考例句：

• The museum contains the remains of Chinese antiquity.博物馆藏有中国古代的遗物。
• There are many legends about the heroes of antiquity.有许多关于古代英雄的传说。

10 dome   

n.圆屋顶，拱顶

参考例句：

• The dome was supported by white marble columns.圆顶由白色大理石柱支撑着。
• They formed the dome with the tree's branches.他们用树枝搭成圆屋顶。

11 colonnaded   

adj.有列柱的，有柱廊的

参考例句：

• Here, the colonnaded streets, arches and theaters are in exceptional condition. 在这里，廊柱的街道，拱门、剧院都非平常。 来自互联网
• The colonnaded temples of ancient Greece are famous. 古希腊有柱廊的神殿十分著名。 来自互联网

12 harmoniously   

和谐地，调和地

参考例句：

• The president and Stevenson had worked harmoniously over the last eighteen months. 在过去一年半里，总统和史蒂文森一起工作是融洽的。
• China and India cannot really deal with each other harmoniously. 中国和印度这两只猛兽不可能真心实意地和谐相处。