纪录片《文明》 第176期 进步崇拜（8）

who had the wealth and the foresight¹ to commission this portrait from Lindauer in 1884.

他的远见和财富使他能委托林道尔 在1884年创作这一幅肖像画

Now, what's really significant is that when Lindauer was painting portraits of Maori for European customers,

现在 很重要的是 当林道尔为欧洲客户绘制 毛利人的肖像画时

he tended to paint them in traditional costume,

他倾向于将毛利人画成身着传统服饰

but many Maori patrons who had their portrait painted by Lindauer

然而很多委托他画肖像画的毛利人客户

demanded that they be shown in a hybrid² mixture of European and traditional dress,

要求他们以欧式和毛利传统服饰混搭的形象出现在画中

to show that they were people who could freely move between the two cultures.

以表明他们是可以在这两种文化中自由穿行的民族

It's through this portrait of Te Rangiotu,adorned with the symbols of his status,

正是通过提·朗齐欧图这幅 装饰着代表他身份地位的符号的肖像画

that his descendants feel they are still able to connect with their illustrious ancestor.

他的子孙才感觉到他们仍然和这位显赫的祖先血脉相连

His picture is given pride of place in the clan's meeting house,a sacred space in Maori culture.

他的肖像被放置在家族议事堂的显要位置 那里是毛利文化中的圣地

The traditional Maori meeting house is itself designed to embody³ an ancestor, both spiritually and physically⁴,

传统的毛利家族议事堂本身就被设计成 从精神上和实物上体现出一位祖先的存在

from the head and the outstretched arms to the backbone⁵ and the ribs⁶.

从这里的头部和伸展的胳膊 再到这里的脊柱和肋骨

Each of the semi-abstract designs and swirling⁷ patterns represents specific qualities,

每一个这种半抽象设计和螺旋图案 都象征着一种具体品质

from courage and strength to health and prosperity.

从勇气和力量 到健康和繁荣

These patterns are mirrored in the most dynamic of all the Maori art forms.

这些图案反映在毛利艺术的最具活力的形式中

Ta Moko - the art of the tattoo⁸.

塔莫克 即纹身艺术

Face and body tattoos⁹ link Maori not only with their ancestors,

面部和身上的纹身不仅 将毛利人和他们的祖先相联

but also with other cultures across the Pacific,

也把毛利文化和泛太平洋地区有着

who practice it in different forms.

不同纹身习俗的其他文化联系在了一起

The Maori almost certainly brought it with them

七百多年前 当毛利人首先定居在奥特亚罗瓦

when they first settled in Aotearoa, New Zealand, over 700 years ago.

即新西兰时 应该就是他们把这一习俗 带到了这里

For centuries, Ta Moko carried specific cultural meanings.

数世纪以来 塔莫克承载着特殊的文化含义

They denoted social status or family connections,

它们代表着社会地位和家族联系

and it's said that no two designs are ever alike.

并且据说没有任何两个纹身图案是相似的

While today, perhaps inevitably¹⁰,

然而今天 可能不可避免的是

the designs of Ta Moko have been appropriated as a global fashion accessory,

塔莫克的图案设计已经被"窃取"为一种全球性时尚装饰

for many Maori, they've been re-claimed

对许多毛利人来说 它们重新成为

as a highly visible symbol of cultural pride and identity.

文化自豪感和认同感的显著标志

1 foresight   

n.先见之明，深谋远虑

参考例句：

• The failure is the result of our lack of foresight.这次失败是由于我们缺乏远虑而造成的。
• It required a statesman's foresight and sagacity to make the decision.作出这个决定需要政治家的远见卓识。

2 hybrid   

n.(动，植）杂种，混合物

参考例句：

• That is a hybrid perpetual rose.那是一株杂交的四季开花的蔷薇。
• The hybrid was tall,handsome,and intelligent.那混血儿高大、英俊、又聪明。

3 embody   

vt.具体表达，使具体化；包含，收录

参考例句：

• The latest locomotives embody many new features. 这些最新的机车具有许多新的特色。
• Hemingway's characters plainly embody his own values and view of life.海明威笔下的角色明确反映出他自己的价值观与人生观。

4 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

5 backbone   

n.脊骨，脊柱，骨干；刚毅，骨气

参考例句：

• The Chinese people have backbone.中国人民有骨气。
• The backbone is an articulate structure.脊椎骨是一种关节相连的结构。

6 ribs   

n.肋骨( rib的名词复数 )；（船或屋顶等的）肋拱；肋骨状的东西；（织物的）凸条花纹

参考例句：

• He suffered cracked ribs and bruising. 他断了肋骨还有挫伤。
• Make a small incision below the ribs. 在肋骨下方切开一个小口。

7 swirling   

v.旋转，打旋( swirl的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Snowflakes were swirling in the air. 天空飘洒着雪花。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• She smiled, swirling the wine in her glass. 她微笑着，旋动着杯子里的葡萄酒。 来自辞典例句

8 tattoo   

n.纹身，(皮肤上的)刺花纹；vt.刺花纹于

参考例句：

• I've decided to get my tattoo removed.我已经决定去掉我身上的纹身。
• He had a tattoo on the back of his hand.他手背上刺有花纹。

9 tattoos   

n.文身( tattoo的名词复数 )；归营鼓；军队夜间表演操；连续有节奏的敲击声v.刺青，文身( tattoo的第三人称单数 )；连续有节奏地敲击；作连续有节奏的敲击

参考例句：

• His arms were covered in tattoos. 他的胳膊上刺满了花纹。
• His arms were covered in tattoos. 他的双臂刺满了纹身。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 inevitably   

adv.不可避免地；必然发生地

参考例句：

• In the way you go on,you are inevitably coming apart.照你们这样下去，毫无疑问是会散伙的。
• Technological changes will inevitably lead to unemployment.技术变革必然会导致失业。