美国语文第六册 第86期:散文选篇(3)

 　　Action and Repose¹. By John Ruskin 活动和休憩。约翰·拉斯金

　　About the river of human life there is a wintry wind, though a heavenly sunshine; 在人类的生命长河里，始终存在一股凛冽的风，尽管苍穹阳光明媚。

　　the iris² colors its agitation³, the frost fixes upon its repose. 彩虹在摇动中变换着色彩，冰霜凝住了它的安宁。

　　Let us beware that our rest become not the rest of stones,  我们要明白，我们的休憩不会像石头那样一动不动，

　　which, so long as they are tempest-tossed and thunderstricken, maintain their majesty⁴; 只要它们能够忍受暴风雨的肆虐和雷电的鞭打，仍然不失其庄严。

　　but when the stream is silent and the storm passed, suffer the grass to cover them, and are plowed⁵ into the dust. 但是，当小溪静谧，风暴过后，草就会蔓延而至，覆盖在它们身上，耕犁所至皆为尘土。

　　Time and Change. By Sir Humphry Davy 时间和改变。汉弗莱·戴维

　　Time is almost a human word, and Change entirely⁶ a human idea; 有一个人类差不多天天挂在嘴边上的字眼，改变完全是人类的主观想法。

　　in the system of nature, we should rather say progress than change. 在自然界，我们说得更多的是进步，而不是改变。

　　The sun appears to sink in the ocean in darkness, but it rises in another hemisphere; 太阳似乎湮没于大海黑暗的尽端，但却升起于另一个半球。

　　the ruins of a city fall, but they are often used to form more magnificent structures: 一座城市尽成废墟，但是通常会形成更为壮观的建筑景象。

　　even when they are destroyed so as to produce only dust, Nature asserts her empire over them; 甚至当这些建筑被摧毁时，只不过化为尘土而已。大自然声称它的帝国必须覆盖在这些建筑之上，

　　and the vegetable world rises in constant youth, in a period of annual successions, by the labors⁷ of man — providing food, vitality⁸, and beauty 而年景交替之间，在人们辛勤劳作之下，绿色植物世界永远焕发生机——提供食物、生机和美景

　　upon the wrecks⁹ of monuments which were raised for the purposes of glory, but which are now applied¹⁰ to objects of utility. 在这些纪念物的残垣断壁上，为了荣耀的目的而茁壮成长，但是现在这些建筑物则被用于公益事业。

1 repose   

v.(使)休息；n.安息

参考例句：

• Don't disturb her repose.不要打扰她休息。
• Her mouth seemed always to be smiling,even in repose.她的嘴角似乎总是挂着微笑，即使在睡眠时也是这样。

2 iris   

n.虹膜，彩虹

参考例句：

• The opening of the iris is called the pupil.虹膜的开口处叫做瞳孔。
• This incredible human eye,complete with retina and iris,can be found in the Maldives.又是在马尔代夫，有这样一只难以置信的眼睛，连视网膜和虹膜都刻画齐全了。

3 agitation   

n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动

参考例句：

• Small shopkeepers carried on a long agitation against the big department stores.小店主们长期以来一直在煽动人们反对大型百货商店。
• These materials require constant agitation to keep them in suspension.这些药剂要经常搅动以保持悬浮状态。

4 majesty   

n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权

参考例句：

• The king had unspeakable majesty.国王有无法形容的威严。
• Your Majesty must make up your mind quickly!尊贵的陛下，您必须赶快做出决定！

5 plowed   

v.耕( plow的过去式和过去分词 )；犁耕；费力穿过

参考例句：

• They plowed nearly 100,000 acres of virgin moorland. 他们犁了将近10万英亩未开垦的高沼地。 来自辞典例句
• He plowed the land and then sowed the seeds. 他先翻土，然后播种。 来自辞典例句

6 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

7 labors   

v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转

参考例句：

• He was tiresome in contending for the value of his own labors. 他老为他自己劳动的价值而争强斗胜，令人生厌。 来自辞典例句
• Farm labors used to hire themselves out for the summer. 农业劳动者夏季常去当雇工。 来自辞典例句

8 vitality   

n.活力，生命力，效力

参考例句：

• He came back from his holiday bursting with vitality and good health.他度假归来之后，身强体壮，充满活力。
• He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。

9 wrecks   

n.沉船( wreck的名词复数 )；（事故中）遭严重毁坏的汽车（或飞机等）；（身体或精神上）受到严重损伤的人；状况非常糟糕的车辆（或建筑物等）v.毁坏[毁灭]某物( wreck的第三人称单数 )；使（船舶）失事，使遇难，使下沉

参考例句：

• The shores are strewn with wrecks. 海岸上满布失事船只的残骸。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• My next care was to get together the wrecks of my fortune. 第二件我所关心的事就是集聚破产后的余财。 来自辞典例句

10 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。