PBS高端访谈:美国对乌克兰的援助

LISA DESJARDINS: At the Capitol, the impeachment¹ battle, for now, is on paper, but no less intense, as, today, committees released transcripts² of two key witnesses. They are Gordon Sondland, the U.S. ambassador to the European Union, and Kurt Volker, former special envoy³ to Ukraine. Both were on the key call between Mr. Trump⁴ and the Ukrainian president in July. In the 739 pages released today, among the headlines, Sondland revised a critical piece of testimony⁵ about whether the U.S. tied nearly $400 million in aid money to specific demands from Ukraine. Yesterday, Sondland filed this, saying he now remembers telling a top Ukrainian official that "Resumption of U.S. aid would likely not occur until Ukraine provided the corruption⁷ statement that the U.S. wanted", saying Ukraine would investigate the 2016 election and the energy company which hired the son of former Vice⁸ President Joe Biden. A second headline, Sondland added more to his insistence⁹ that the president himself firmly didn't want a quid pro⁶ quo. And one more key point, the continued influence of President Trump's attorney Rudy Giuliani. His name appears more than 150 times in Sondland's testimony. Sondland was nominated by Mr. Trump to be ambassador to the E.U. in 2017. He's previously¹⁰ owned a boutique hotel chain on the West Coast and he's a longtime GOP donor¹¹ who had given $1 million to Mr. Trump's inaugural¹² fund. While Ukraine is not in the European Union, Sondland has said the president tapped him to work on the issue. He says there were "three amigos" working on that policy, himself, Energy Secretary Rick Perry, and Volker, whose career path sharply contrasts with the other two. Volker is a three-decade diplomat¹³ who has served under Democratic and Republican presidents. President George W. Bush named him to be U.S. representative to NATO. And, in 2017, President Trump named him to be the special envoy helping¹⁴ lead Ukraine policy. He resigned in September. Today's transcripts show Volker arguing against a Biden investigation¹⁵ and trying to win over a president who deeply distrusted Ukraine. Former Ukrainian lawmaker Serhii Lushenko, who worked with Volker for years, said he sees a diplomat trying to straddle sharp politics and good policy.

SERHII LUSHENKO, Former Ukrainian Lawmaker: We see that Kurt Volker was trying to maneuver¹⁶ to be effective as the special envoy, at the same time to be accepted by White House. And my understanding, he decided¹⁷ to give what Mr. Trump was looking for.

LISA DESJARDINS: Overall, Democrats¹⁸ say the transcripts only bolster¹⁹ their case that Mr. Trump withheld²⁰ military aid and other support for Ukraine to pressure President Zelensky into opening investigations²¹ that could benefit him politically. But Republicans insist that Democrats have selectively leaked and withheld information in order to malign²² the president.

REP. MARK MEADOWS (R-NC): What all of us want is a fair process.

LISA DESJARDINS: And the process continues. Today, acting²³ White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney got a request from the investigating committees for testimony later this week. Thus far, Cabinet officials have declined these kinds of requests, as did two other Trump officials whose interviews were scheduled for today. As the House remains²⁴ in first stages, the Republican leader of the Senate today stressed the possible end, that any impeachment charges would come there for trial.

SEN. MITCH MCCONNELL (R-KY): I will say I'm pretty sure how it is likely toned. If it were today, I don't think there's any question it wouldn't lead to a removal.

LISA DESJARDINS: One thing McConnell doesn't know, how long any trial would last.

丽莎·德雅尔丹：在国会大厦，弹劾之战已经进行到了提交书面文件的阶段，而同样紧张刺激的是——今天，各委员会发布了2位关键证人的证词。这2位证人是美国驻欧盟大使戈登·桑德兰、美国驻乌克兰特使库尔特·沃尔克。这两人都跟美国总统与乌克兰总统的通话事件有重要联系。在今天发布的739页文件中，提要上写着：桑德兰修订了一页关键证词，内容与美国是否会提供近4亿美元的援助金以满足乌克兰的特定需求。昨天，桑德兰写了这份文件，他说自己现在想起曾告诉过一位乌克兰高层官员“如果想让美国继续提供援助的话，乌克兰就要提供美国想要的腐败声明。”桑德兰说，乌克兰会调查2016年总统大选以及雇佣了前副总统乔·拜登之子的能源公司。第2处提要指出：桑德兰补充说自己坚持认为特朗普总统坚定地不想要交换条件。还有一个关键点：特朗普律师鲁迪·朱利安尼产生的持续影响。鲁迪·朱利安尼的名字在桑德兰的证词中出现了150多次。2017年，桑德兰被特朗普提名为美国驻欧盟大使。桑德兰之前在西海岸有一个精品连锁酒店，而且长期以来，他都为共和党捐献了许多资金，也已经为特朗普的就职提供了100万美元的资金。虽然乌克兰不是欧盟成员国，桑德兰曾说过，特朗普指派他来跟进这项工作。桑德兰说，有“三位朋友”着力于这件事情：他自己、能源部部长里克·佩里、沃尔克。而沃尔克的职业生涯轨迹跟另外2个人形成鲜明对比。沃尔克担任了30年的外交官，曾服务于民主党总统和共和党总统。乔治·布什总统任命沃尔克为美国驻北约代表。2017年，特朗普总统任命沃尔克为特使，让他助力牵头乌克兰的政策。沃尔克于9月辞职。今天的证词表明，沃尔克反对拜登案的调查并试图让不信任乌克兰的总统相信乌克兰。前乌克兰律师塞西里曾跟沃尔克共事多年。塞西里表示自己看到一位外交官想要同时施行尖锐的政策和温和的政策。

塞西里，前乌克兰律师：我们看到沃尔克曾努力想成为一位有用的特使，为白宫接受的特使。我认为他最终决定满足特朗普的期望。

丽莎·德雅尔丹：总体来说，民主党表示，证词只是加速了他们的案件——特朗普保留对乌克兰的军事援助等支持，目的是向乌克兰总统泽连斯基施压，让他开启有利于自己政途的调查。但共和党坚持认为，民主党已经选择性地泄露并保留了信息，这样做的目的是给特朗普使绊子。

共和党议员马可·梅多斯：我们所有人想要的是公平的过程。

丽莎·德雅尔丹：这个过程还在继续。今天，白宫代理主任米克·穆瓦尼在这周快要结束的时候收到了几个调查委员会关于证词的请求。因此，目前为止，白宫的一些官员拒绝了这类氢气u，此外还有另外2名特朗普的官员——虽然这2人的面谈被定在了今天。众议院目前还处于前期阶段，参议员的共和党领袖今天强调了可能的结果，也强调了任何弹劾指控都需要经过审理流程。

参议员明奇·麦康奈尔：我会说我本人很确信可能的走向。如果是今天的话，我觉得毫无疑问会被移除。

丽莎·德雅尔丹：有一件事是明奇·麦康奈尔不知道的——审理会持续多久。

1 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

2 transcripts   

n.抄本（ transcript的名词复数 ）；转写本；文字本；副本

参考例句：

• Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样，都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
• You can't take the transfer students'exam without your transcripts. 没有成绩证明书，你就不能参加转学考试。 来自辞典例句

3 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 testimony   

n.证词；见证，证明

参考例句：

• The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
• He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。

6 pro   

n.赞成，赞成的意见，赞成者

参考例句：

• The two debating teams argued the question pro and con.辩论的两组从赞成与反对两方面辩这一问题。
• Are you pro or con nuclear disarmament?你是赞成还是反对核裁军？

7 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

8 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

9 insistence   

n.坚持；强调；坚决主张

参考例句：

• They were united in their insistence that she should go to college.他们一致坚持她应上大学。
• His insistence upon strict obedience is correct.他坚持绝对服从是对的。

10 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

11 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

12 inaugural   

adj.就职的；n.就职典礼

参考例句：

• We listened to the President's inaugural speech on the radio yesterday.昨天我们通过无线电听了总统的就职演说。
• Professor Pearson gave the inaugural lecture in the new lecture theatre.皮尔逊教授在新的阶梯讲堂发表了启用演说。

13 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

14 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

15 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

16 maneuver   

n.策略[pl.]演习；v.(巧妙)控制；用策略

参考例句：

• All the fighters landed safely on the airport after the military maneuver.在军事演习后，所有战斗机都安全降落在机场上。
• I did get her attention with this maneuver.我用这个策略确实引起了她的注意。

17 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

18 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

19 bolster   

n.枕垫；v.支持，鼓励

参考例句：

• The high interest rates helped to bolster up the economy.高利率使经济更稳健。
• He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

20 withheld   

withhold过去式及过去分词

参考例句：

• I withheld payment until they had fulfilled the contract. 他们履行合同后，我才付款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• There was no school play because the principal withheld his consent. 由于校长没同意，学校里没有举行比赛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

22 malign   

adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑

参考例句：

• It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
• She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

23 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

24 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。