科学美国人60秒 比特币有多流行

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There are now more than 16 million bitcoins in circulation, with a total market cap of 130 billion dollars—more than the market value of Netflix, Priceline or Starbucks. Just going by numbers, bitcoin is the one coin to rule them all.

现在流通的比特币有1600多万，总共市场价值超过1300亿美元——这比Netflix、Priceline和星巴克的市场价都要高。只从数量来说，比特币可以控制所有的货币。

But if you consider the spectrum¹ of 600 actively² traded cryptocoins as a financial ecosystem…you can take an evolutionary³ approach, and ask: which is the 'fittest' of the coins?

但是，你把600个活跃的货币作为一个金融系统来说……你可以采取循序渐进的办法，然后询问：哪一种货币最合适呢?

Or, in other words: "Every cryptocurrency, bitcoin, ethereum, there are many…are a different species." Andrea Baronchelli, a network scientist at City, University of London.

换句话说，“每一个加密货币，比特币，以太坊，都有很多……是一个不同的品种。”Andrea Baronchelli，是伦敦大学的网络科学家。

He and his team used evolutionary models to approximate the real-world behavior of cryptocurrencies. Each week of currency trading was treated as a new generation of progeny⁴. Reporting their results in the journal Royal Society Open Science, they found that a so-called 'neutral' model of evolution best explained coin behavior…meaning no coin had a selective advantage.

他和团队使用进化模型来模拟真实世界的密码货币。每一周的货币交易都被看做新一代的衍生品。该研究结果发表在《皇家学会开放科学》杂志上。他们发现，所谓的“中性”进化模型最好解释了硬币的行为，也就是说，没有一枚硬币有选择性的优势。

Which implies that: "Investors⁵ choose which cryptocurrencies to invest in only proportional to the cryptocurrency's market share, and nothing else. So they are not apparently⁶ considering other fundamentals like the underlying⁷ technology or the purpose for which a certain cryptocurrency has been designed for. They are just sampling the market, sampling each cryptocurrency proportional to its market share."

这意味着“投资者选择与市场份额成正比的加密货币投资，没有考虑其他因素。所以，他们似乎并没有考虑其他的基本面因素，比如基础技术，或者某个加密货币的目的是什么。只是对市场进行采样，对每一种加密货币的市场份额进行抽样。

And only when investors begin to value coins for a particular attribute—such as their convenience or their intrinsic technological⁸ advantages—will the market start to actively pick winners.

只有当投资者开始以某种特定的属性——比如货币的便利性或其内在的技术优势——来评估硬币时，市场才会开始积极地挑选赢家。

1 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

2 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

3 evolutionary   

adj.进化的；演化的，演变的；[生]进化论的

参考例句：

• Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
• These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。

4 progeny   

n.后代，子孙；结果

参考例句：

• His numerous progeny are scattered all over the country.他为数众多的后代散布在全国各地。
• He was surrounded by his numerous progeny.众多的子孙簇拥着他。

5 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

6 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

7 underlying   

adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的

参考例句：

• The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
• This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。

8 technological   

adj.技术的；工艺的

参考例句：

• A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
• Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今， 随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。