科学美国人60秒 推翻堕胎权的危害(1)

This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I'm Tanya Lewis.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是谭雅·刘易斯。

On Monday a Supreme Court draft opinion was leaked, causing shockwaves.

周一，最高法院的一份意见书草案遭泄露，引起了轩然大波。

The opinion—if it’s officially adopted—will overturn Roe v. Wade, the landmark 1973 ruling that guarantees the right to an abortion.

如果该意见被正式采纳，将推翻1973年具有里程碑意义的罗伊诉韦德案的裁决，该裁决保障了堕胎权。

Even though experts were expecting this outcome, the leaked opinion still came as something of a surprise.

尽管专家们预料到了这一结果，但泄露的意见仍令人有些意外。

The callousness of the decision is kind of shocking, too...

这个冷酷无情的决定也太令人震惊了…

you know, the idea that the Constitution doesn’t protect people’s decision-making around something so fundamental as childbearing, when it has such huge impacts on their health and their ability to support themselves and their children.

宪法没有保护人们在生育这类最基本的事情上的决策，这对人们的健康、养活自己和孩子的能力有巨大的影响。

That’s Diana Greene Foster, a professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences at the University of California, San Francisco.

加州大学旧金山分校的产科、妇科和生殖科学教授戴安娜·格林·福斯特说。

She led the Turnaway Study, a longitudinal study of nearly 1,000 women seeking abortions who either got them or were “turned away” because they were just past the gestational cutoff.

她领导了Turnaway 研究，这是一项对近1000名寻求堕胎的女性进行的纵向研究，这些女性要么接受了堕胎，要么因为刚刚过了怀孕截止日期而“被拒绝”堕胎。

Contrary to what some antiabortion activists say, getting an abortion did not harm women.

与一些反堕胎活动人士所说的相反，堕胎并不会伤害女性。

In fact, women who were unable to access abortions were the ones who saw negative impacts, the study found.

研究发现，事实上，那些无法堕胎的女性才是受到负面影响的人。

What we see is very large health burdens, greater health risks for people who carry pregnancies to term.

我们看到的是巨大的健康负担，足月怀孕的人面临更大的健康风险。

That's consistent with the medical literature.

这与医学文献保持一致。

We see greater complications from childbirth than from abortion, and in fact, two women died after giving birth.

我们看到分娩的并发症比堕胎更严重，事实上，有两名妇女在分娩后死亡。

But the impacts were not limited to health.

但其影响不仅限于健康方面。

Being denied an abortion also had long-lasting negative effects on families’ finances.

被拒绝堕胎对家庭经济状况也有长期的负面影响。

After one group gave birth, the people who received abortions and were denied abortions there, you can see in their credit records, you can see in their public financial records, that one group experienced greater bankruptcies, evictions, greater debt than other people who received their wanted abortion.

在一组人生育后，那些接受堕胎或被拒绝堕胎的人，你可以在他们的信用记录中看到，在他们的公共财务记录中看到，与其他接受了想要堕胎的人相比，一组人经历了更多的破产、驱逐和更多的债务。

Not being able to access an abortion and being forced to carry a pregnancy to term resulted in worse outcomes for these women.

对这些妇女来说，无法堕胎和被迫怀孕导致了更糟糕的结果。

I should note that the Turnaway Study specifically involved women, but of course not all people who get pregnant or seek abortions are women.

我应该指出的是，Turnaway研究专门研究女性，但当然不是所有怀孕或寻求堕胎的人都是女性。

And it’s not as though people who get abortions are fundamentally different from those who want kids.

并不是说堕胎的人和想要孩子的人有本质上的不同。

In fact, many of the women who sought abortions later had children when they were ready, and those children fared better and were more secure, Foster and her colleagues found.

福斯特和她的同事们发现，事实上，许多寻求堕胎的女性在准备好之后生了孩子，而这些孩子的情况也更好，也更安全。

When they go on and get an abortion and they go on and have a baby, we see those babies do better than children born,

当她们继续下去，堕胎，继续下去，生下孩子时，我们发现这些婴儿比意外出生的孩子情况更好。

because their mom was denied an abortion in terms of the mom’s emotional bond with the child, the kids’ economic well-being—the chance that they live in a house with just enough money to pay for food and health.

因为他们的母亲因其与孩子的情感纽带，孩子的经济福祉--有机会住在一所只够支付食物和健康的房子里，而被拒绝堕胎。