科学美国人60秒 推翻堕胎权的危害(2)

If the draft opinion becomes official, it will immediately open the door for states to pass laws to restrict or ban abortion outright.

如果意见草稿成为正式草案，它将立即为各州通过法律限制或彻底禁止堕胎打开大门。

And in fact, 13 states already have so-called trigger laws that will take effect as soon as Roe is struck down.

事实上，13个州已经有所谓的触发法，一旦罗伊案被推翻，这些法律就会生效。

To get an abortion, pregnant people in these states will then have to travel out of state if they can afford to do so—or they will not be able to one.

为了堕胎，这些州的孕妇如果负担得起的话，就必须离开该州--否则她们将无法堕胎。

And the consequences for those who can’t get the care they want will be serious.

对于那些得不到他们想要的护理的人来说，后果将是严重的。

For people who are unable to get their abortion because the Supreme Court just lets states ban abortions, we’re going to see worse physical health, greater economic hardship, lower achievement of aspirational plans, kids raised in more precarious economic circumstances, and people’s lives upended.

对于那些因为最高法院禁止各州堕胎而无法堕胎的人来说，我们将看到更糟糕的身体健康状况，更严重的经济困难，更低的理想计划成就，孩子在更不稳定的经济环境中长大，人们的生活被颠覆。

Another effect of overturning Roe is that fewer medical providers will be trained in providing abortions.

推翻罗伊案的另一个影响是，更少的医疗提供者接受提供堕胎的培训。

In a study published in the journal Obstetrics & Gynecology in April, researchers found that about 45% of ob-gyn residency programs are in states that are certain or likely to ban abortion if the Supreme Court strikes down Roe.

在四月份发表在《妇产科》杂志上的一项研究中，研究人员发现，如果最高法院驳回罗伊案的判决，大约45%的妇产科住院医师项目位于确定或可能禁止堕胎的州。

This means a similar percentage of ob-gyn residents wouldn’t be able to access abortion training.

这意味着，同样比例的妇产科住院医生将无法接受堕胎培训。

Study co-author Jody Steinauer is a professor at U.C.S.F. and director of the Kenneth J. Ryan Residency Training Program in Abortion and Family Planning.

该研究的合著者乔迪·施泰纳尔是加州大学旧金山分校的教授，也是肯尼斯·瑞安堕胎与计划生育住院医师培训项目的主任。

Taking a step back…, medical students and nursing students have to be able to counsel people about their options for pregnancy,

往后退一步…，医学生和护理专业的学生必须能够就怀孕的选择向人们提供咨询，

it’s going to be really important for all doctors, nurses and really any health care providers to be able to facilitate very quick referrals for people.

现在对所有医生、护士和真正的医疗保健提供者来说，能够为人们提供非常快速的转诊将是非常重要的。

So if someone’s in a state with a really early abortion gestational limit, and they want abortion, they’re gonna have to be referred really fast.

因此，如果某人所在的州流产妊娠限制很早，他们想要堕胎，必须尽快被转诊接受治疗。

And these laws don’t just matter for abortion—they also affect training for other skills, including managing miscarriages.

这些法律不仅对堕胎有影响--它们还影响到其他技能的培训，包括管理流产。

According to Steinauer, national and international ob-gyn accreditation organizations require that providers know how to empty a uterus,

根据施泰纳尔的说法，国内和国际妇产科认证组织要求提供者知道如何排空子宫，

and even if an individual doctor objects to abortion, they need to be able to do one in an emergency to save the parent’s life.

即使个别医生反对堕胎，他们也需要能够在紧急情况下进行堕胎来挽救父母的生命。

And this could be really important in states that are passing laws that restrict abortions even in the most extreme circumstances, such as rape or incest.

这在这些州中非常重要，这些州通过法律限制堕胎，即使是在最极端的情况下，如强奸或乱伦。

I’m really hopeful that what will happen is: all of these trigger laws that go into place, I’m hoping that they will not be able to be enforced without exceptions.

我真的希望将会发生的事情是：所有这些触发法律的实施，我希望它们不会毫无例外地强制执行。

If a state, let’s say, bans abortions except in very specific circumstances around saving the life of the pregnant person or maybe saving grave health consequences,

如果一个州，比如说，禁止堕胎，除非是在非常特殊的情况下，如挽救孕妇的生命，或者挽救可能造成严重的健康后果，

then a lot of the clinics that currently provide care for people close,

现在很多为人们提供护理的诊所都关闭了，

then we’re really going to need the hospitals and the practicing clinicians who do gynecology to basically step up to provide the legal abortions.

我们真的需要医院和妇科执业临床医生能够站出来提供合法堕胎。

For Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Tanya Lewis.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是谭雅·刘易斯。