世界节假日博览 第165期:世界无烟日

 　　World No Tobacco Day is observed around the world on May 31 every year. It was started by the World Health Organization in 1987. It aims to highlight the dangers of smoking around the world. Another aim is to encourage people to stop smoking and thus reduce the negative health effects of smoking. Around 5.4 million people a year die from smoking-related health problems. On World No Tobacco Day, the WHO presents special awards to organizations or people who have made great efforts to get people, especially children, to stop smoking. In 2008 the WHO called for a total ban on tobacco advertising¹. It said advertising was one of the biggest factors that made people take up smoking.

　　全世界人们在每年的5月31日庆祝世界无烟日。世界无烟日是由世界卫生组织在1987年设立的，目的是向全世界人民展示吸烟的危害，另一个目的是鼓励人们停止吸烟，以此减少吸烟对健康的危害。每年大约有540万人死于吸烟相关的疾病。在世界无烟日，世界卫生组织为那些帮助人们，特别是儿童禁烟做出过巨大贡献的组织和个人颁发特殊贡献奖。2008年，世界卫生组织号召全面禁止烟草广告，并声称烟草广告是导致人们吸烟的最大因素之一。

　　Tobacco is a dangerous drug. It's amazing how governments allow people to use tobacco. One reason is governments get a lot of money from taxes on cigarettes. Another reason is tobacco companies have a lot of influence on politicians. Tobacco-related health problems put a huge amount of pressure on a country's healthcare system. Millions of working hours are lost every day because people take smoking breaks. The saddest thing is that children lose parents because of the damage tobacco did to their bodies. Tobacco contains nicotine² and other poisonous chemicals. These cause many diseases, like heart problems and cancer. Smoking causes bad breath, disease, loss of energy, and it's expensive. It's time for the world to quit smoking.

　　烟草是一种危险的药草，令人惊异的是政府允许人们使用烟草。一个原因是政府可以从香烟上征收大量的税，另一原因是烟草公司对政客有巨大的影响。与烟草相关的疾病对国家的卫生保健系统造成了巨大压力。每天的吸烟休息时间造成数百万小时工作时间的流失。最悲哀的是，父母吸烟造成身体损害，使得孩子们早早就失去了父母。烟草含有尼古丁和其他有害化学物质，这些物质会引发许多疾病，如心脏疾病和癌症。吸烟导致口臭，易生病，体力下降，而且烟草价格昂贵。全世界的人们是时候戒烟了。

　　1. encourage to 鼓励

　　例句：I encourage to join the list and contribute your thoughts to the project.

　　我鼓励您加入该列表，并提出您对本项目的想法。

　　2. call for 号召，要求

　　例句：Those who care about it most will be among the first to call for its renewal³ and reform.

　　最关心联合国的人将是那些率先要求加强其活力和对它进行改革的人。

　　3. make great efforts 努力做；做出巨大贡献

　　例句：Let's join hands to make great efforts to build a harmonious⁴ world with long-lasting peace and common prosperity!

　　让我们携手合作，共同为建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界而努力！

　　4. put pressure on 施加压力

　　例句：But I’m sure as more people start using it, the competition for the next ‘big’ idea will put pressure on people to be a little more discerning⁵ about what they post.

　　但是我肯定当越来越多的用户开始使用这些东西时，下一个重要创新的竞争将会对人们施加压力，迫使他们对自己发布的内容更加关心。

1 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

2 nicotine   

n.(化)尼古丁，烟碱

参考例句：

• Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily.许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
• Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily.许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。

3 renewal   

adj.(契约)延期，续订，更新，复活，重来

参考例句：

• Her contract is coming up for renewal in the autumn.她的合同秋天就应该续签了。
• Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。

4 harmonious   

adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的

参考例句：

• Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。
• The room was painted in harmonious colors.房间油漆得色彩调和。

5 discerning   

a.有眼力的，有识别力的，有鉴赏力的

参考例句：

• She has a discerning palate. 她的味觉很敏锐。
• Anyone with a discerning eye can easily see. 明眼人一看便知。