走进剑桥大学 第4期:800年的精神地图

 Map of 800 year spirit

800年的精神地图

In 2009, the University of Cambridge reaches a special milestone¹ - 800 years of people, ideas and achievements that continue to transform and benefit the world. Myriad² achievements and world-changing ideas were born within the walls of Cambridge, from the establishment of the fundamentals of physics to the discovery of the structure of DNA³; from the transformative thinking of great Cambridge philosophers，poets and artists; to the groundbreaking work of its many Nobel Prize winners.

2009年，剑桥迎来了一个特殊的里程碑——800年的人文思想和成就仍然在改变和造福这个世界。从物理学的奠基到DNA结构的发现；从剑桥哲人，诗人和艺术家改变世界的思想，到诸多诺贝尔奖获得者的突出贡献；人类历史上大量的成就和改变世界的理念都出自剑桥大学。

As claimed by the university itself, its mission is to contribute to society through the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence⁴. The core values of it are: freedom of thought and expression and freedom from discrimination. Questioning spirit, close inter-relationship between teaching, scholarship and research are often encouraged in Cambridge.

剑桥宣称，自己的使命就在于通过 追求教育、学习和研究的最高水准而对社会作出贡献。其核心价值观为“思想 和表达的自由”和“零歧视”。剑桥大力提倡质疑的精神，以及教、学、研究紧密结合

It is one of the world’s leading research universities. Cambridge affiliates⁵ have won more than 80 Nobel Prizes, more than any other institution in the world. Some of the most famous scientific minds in history have studied, researched or taught here. This is the home of Newton and Darwin, Crick and Watson, Babbage and Hawking⁶, However, it is also the place where the first fully⁷ 3D computer game was written, where the precursor⁸ to the modem⁹ webcam was invented, and where some of today’s best-known entertainers began their careers.

剑桥是世界上一流的研究型大学之一，诺贝尔奖获得者多达80余人，比世界上其他任何机构都要多。历史上很多著名的科学家都曾经在剑桥学习、做研究或授课。牛顿、达尔文、克里克、沃森、 巴贝其还有霍金都来自剑桥；世界上第一个真正意义上的3D游戏，第一代调制解调器网络摄像头都出自剑桥；同时，剑桥也是许多著名演艺界人士初展拳脚的地方。

Cambridge is a collegiate university, meaning that it is made up of self-governing and independent colleges, each with its own property and income. Most colleges bring together academics and students from a broad range of disciplines, and within each faculty¹⁰, school or department within the university, academics from many different colleges will be found. The University of Cambridge currently has 31 colleges, of which three, Murray Edwards, Newnham and Lucy Cavendish, admit only women. The other colleges are now mixed, though most were originally all-male.

剑桥大学是一所学院制的大学，由许多高度自治的独立学院组成，每所学院财务独立、自主经营、自负盈亏、多数学院里都有不同学科的学生，在大学里的每个科、院和系几乎都可以找到来自不同学院的学生。剑桥大学共有31所学院，其中默里爱德华兹学院，纽纳姆学院和露西·卡文迪什学院都只招收女生，尽管其他学院原来都只招收男生，现在都变成了男女统招。

Cambridge provides an unparalleled learning experience for the students, who come here from across the globe. The teaching staff are world leaders in their fields, working towards the discoveries and innovations that will transform lives now and in the years to come.

剑桥大学为来自世界各地的学子提供了一个绝佳的学习机会。这里的教职工都是其所在研究领域的领头羊，致力于用科学发现和创新来改变人类现状和创造美好未来。

During the eight centuries, colleges have been found one after another with the constructions of distinctive¹¹ buildings; numerous scientists, writers, artists and politicians spent wonderful days either studying or teaching in Cambridge. Though some buildings decayed in the 800 years, the spirit and charm of Cambridge is still thriving. May Cambridge enjoy a more brilliant future!

800年来，各个学院相继设立，一座座颇具特色的古楼拔地而起，数不清的科学家、作家、艺术家和政治家在这里度过了他们人生中最丰富多彩的时光。经历了800年的风风雨雨，尽管那些古老的建筑都已失去了往日的风采，但是剑桥的恢弘气势和魅力依然催人向上。期待剑桥的明天会更美好。

1 milestone   

n.里程碑；划时代的事件

参考例句：

• The film proved to be a milestone in the history of cinema.事实证明这部影片是电影史上的一个里程碑。
• I think this is a very important milestone in the relations between our two countries.我认为这是我们两国关系中一个十分重要的里程碑。

2 myriad   

adj.无数的；n.无数，极大数量

参考例句：

• They offered no solution for all our myriad problems.对于我们数不清的问题他们束手无策。
• I had three weeks to make a myriad of arrangements.我花了三个星期做大量准备工作。

3 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

4 excellence   

n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德

参考例句：

• His art has reached a high degree of excellence.他的艺术已达到炉火纯青的地步。
• My performance is far below excellence.我的表演离优秀还差得远呢。

5 affiliates   

附属企业( affiliate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• She affiliates with an academic society. 她是某学术团体的成员。
• For example, these security affiliates participated in the floating of 19,000,000,000 of issues in 1927. 例如，这些证券发行机构在1927年的流通证券中，就提供了一百九十亿美元的证券。

6 hawking   

利用鹰行猎

参考例句：

• He is hawking his goods everywhere. 他在到处兜售他的货物。
• We obtain the event horizon and the Hawking spectrumformula. 得到了黑洞的局部事件视界位置和Hawking温度以及Klein—Gordon粒子的Hawking辐射谱。

7 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

8 precursor   

n.先驱者；前辈；前任；预兆；先兆

参考例句：

• Error is often the precursor of what is correct.错误常常是正确的先导。
• He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。

9 modem   

n.调制解调器

参考例句：

• Does your computer have a modem?你的电脑有调制解调器吗？
• Provides a connection to your computer via a modem.通过调制解调器连接到计算机上。

10 faculty   

n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员

参考例句：

• He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
• He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。

11 distinctive   

adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的

参考例句：

• She has a very distinctive way of walking.她走路的样子与别人很不相同。
• This bird has several distinctive features.这个鸟具有几种突出的特征。