走进剑桥大学 第23期:塞缪尔佩皮斯的日记

 Samuel Pepys's Diaries

塞缪尔佩皮斯的日记

Samuel Pepys is famous for his diaries, which cover the years 1659-1669，and he also enjoyed a successful career as a naval¹ administrator² and Member of Parliament.

塞缪尔佩皮斯是以他1659-1669年的日记而闻名于世的，同时他也是成功的英国海军官员和下议院议员。

Samuel Pepys was born on 23 February 1633 near Fleet Street in London, the son of a tailor. He was educated at St Paul's School in London and Cambridge University. After graduating, Pepys was employed as secretary to Edward Montagu, a distant relative who was a councillor of state during the Cromwellian protectorate and later served Charles II. In 1655, Pepys married 15-year old Elizabeth, daughter of a Huguenot. In 1658，he underwent a dangerous operation for the removal of a bladder stone. Every year on the anniversary of the operation, he celebrated³ his recovery.

1633年2月23日，塞缪尔佩皮斯出生于伦 敦的舰队街附近，是一个裁缝的儿子。他就读于伦敦的圣保罗学校和剑桥大学。毕业后，佩皮斯被雇为远房亲戚爱德华蒙太古的秘书。爱德华蒙太古是克伦威尔摄政和随后的查理二世执政时期的议员。1665年，佩皮斯和15岁的伊丽莎白结婚，伊丽莎白是一个胡格诺教徒的女儿。1658年，为了敢出膀胱结石，佩皮斯做了一个危险的手术。此后每年他都会在手术纪念曰举行活动，庆祝自己身体康复。

Pepys began his diary on 1 January 1660. It is written in a form of shorthand, with names in longhand. It ranges from private remarks, including revelations of infidelity — to detailed⁴ observations of major events in 17th century England, such as the plague of 1665, the Great Fire of London and Charlesn's coronation; and some of the key figures of the era, including Sir Christopher Wren⁵ and Sir Isaac Newton. Fear of losing his eyesight prompted Pepys to stop writing the diary in 1669.

1660年1月1日，佩皮斯开始写日记。他是用速记法写的，但是名字用普通写法记录。他的日记内容广泛，包括从披露通奸的个人评论到1665年的疸疫、伦敦大火和查理二世加冕的17世纪英格兰重大事件的细致观察，包罗万象。此外，佩皮斯的日记还记录了那个时代的重要人物，包括克里斯多弗雷恩爵士和艾萨克牛顿爵士。 由于害怕失明，佩皮斯1669年停止了写日记。

In June 1660, Pepys was appointed clerk of the acts to the navy board, a key post in one of the most important of all government departments. This is a position that brings a new house for him and his wife. Fiercely devoted⁶ to his wife, he nevertheless records many experiences where he looks at, kisses, and “dallies with” other women, a trend that he will continue throughout The Diary of Samuel Pepys, and a trend that will slowly invoke⁷ the ire of his wife, Elizabeth.

1660年6月，佩皮斯被任命为海军委员会的执行办事员，这是重要政府部门中的关键职位。这个职位给他和妻子带来了一座新房子。虽然佩皮斯对妻子很专一，但他却记录了很多自己关注、亲吻和调戏其他女人的经历。在《塞缪尔佩皮斯日记》中， 他继续这样记录，逐渐招致了妻子伊丽莎白的不满和愤怒。

Most of his leisure he spent on his library. He intensified⁸ his search for books and prints，setting himself a target of 3000 volumes. Pepys and his library clerk devised a great three-volumed catalogue. He bequeathed his library to the Magdalene College，Cam-bridge. His library contains a unique collection of 3,000 books and manuscripts.

闲暇时，佩皮斯一般待在自己创建的图书馆里。他加强对书籍和印刷品的研究，为自己制订了一个搜集3000卷书的目标。佩皮斯和他的图书馆助理还制作了一个大的三卷式目录。他把图书馆捐赠给了剑桥大学麦格达伦学院。他的图书馆收藏了珍贵的3000卷书和手稿。

Pepys earned his place in history by his work for the navy, but perhaps these diary volumes, and the library containing them, are his most eloquent⁹ memorials.They speak, as no other relics¹⁰ can, of the man himself.

对英国海军的贡献使得佩皮斯在历史上占有一席之地，但也许是这些日记册以及收藏日记册的图书馆才是佩皮斯功勋的最好纪念物。没有其他遗物能够像日记那样代表佩皮斯。

1 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

2 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

3 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

4 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

5 wren   

n.鹪鹩；英国皇家海军女子服务队成员

参考例句：

• A wren is a kind of short-winged songbird.鹪鹩是一种短翼的鸣禽。
• My bird guide confirmed that a Carolina wren had discovered the thickets near my house.我掌握的鸟类知识使我确信，一只卡罗莱纳州鹪鹩已经发现了我家的这个灌木丛。

6 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

7 invoke   

v.求助于(神、法律)；恳求，乞求

参考例句：

• Let us invoke the blessings of peace.让我们祈求和平之福。
• I hope I'll never have to invoke this clause and lodge a claim with you.我希望我永远不会使用这个条款向你们索赔。

8 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 eloquent   

adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的

参考例句：

• He was so eloquent that he cut down the finest orator.他能言善辩，胜过最好的演说家。
• These ruins are an eloquent reminder of the horrors of war.这些废墟形象地提醒人们不要忘记战争的恐怖。

10 relics   

[pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸

参考例句：

• The area is a treasure house of archaeological relics. 这个地区是古文物遗迹的宝库。
• Xi'an is an ancient city full of treasures and saintly relics. 西安是一个有很多宝藏和神圣的遗物的古老城市。