走进耶鲁大学 第5期:耶鲁大学住宿学院(1)

 　　Residential¹ Colleges at Yale

　　耶鲁大学住宿学院

　　Yale College students, who are undergraduates, are accommodated in a special way. Before freshman² year, all incoming undergraduates are assigned to a residential college by lots. Students remain affiliated³ with their residential college throughout their college life.

　　耶鲁学院（即本科生院）的学生住宿方式很特别：通过抽签的方式，新生被随机分配到一个住宿学院；整个大学期间，都隶属于这个学院。

　　The residential colleges allow students to experience the cohesiveness⁴ and intimacy⁵ of a small school while still enjoying the cultural and scholarly resources of a large university. Each college has a Dean, a Master, affiliated faculty⁶, and resident Fellows. Each college also features distinctive⁷ architecture, secluded⁸ courtyards, common rooms, meeting rooms, classrooms, and a dining hall; in addition, some have chapels⁹, libraries, squash courts, pool tables, cafes，or darkrooms. Each college at Yale offers its own seminars, social events, and Master's Teas, most of which are open to students from other residential colleges.

　　住宿学院的形式，使得学生在享受大的学校文化、学术资源的同时，又能感受小规模学院的凝聚力与亲密感。每所住宿学院都有一位学监、一位院长、隶属于该学院的教员，以及常驻的工作人员。学院建筑也各具特色：幽静的庭院、公共休息室、会议室、教室、餐厅等一应俱全；此外，有的学院还有自己的小礼堂、图书馆、壁球室、台球桌、咖啡店、暗房等。耶鲁大学的每所学院均会举办各自的研讨会、社会活动、院长茶会，而且大多数活动都是对其他住宿学院的学生开放的。

　　There is a system of 12 residential colleges, which are named for important figures or places in Yale history or notable alumni. Here is a list of residential colleges at Yale.

　　整个住宿系统共包含12所住宿学院，每个学院均以耶鲁大学历史上的重要人物、 地点，或著名校友而命名。以下是每所学院的简介：

　　Berkeley College, named in honor of the Reverend George Berkeley (1685-1753). He was an early benefactor¹⁰ of Yale. The crest¹¹ of the Berkley family is a Coat of Arms,) comprising "gules，a chevron¹², and ten crosses, party silver".

　　柏克莱学院：以乔治柏克莱教士（ 1685-1753 ）之名命名，他是耶鲁大学的早期捐助人。学院的院徽是由"红底、V形符号、十个银色十字徽章"组成的盾形纹章。

　　Branford College, named for Branford, Connecticut, where Yale was briefly¹³ located. The Coat of Arms of Branford College features ten books to represent the ten ministers who pooled their books and resources to found the Collegiate School. In addition, three elm leaves are symbolic¹⁴ of the permanent establishment of Yale in New Haven¹⁵ since New Haven is referred to as "The Elm City".

　　布兰福学院：以康州一地名命名，曾为耶鲁所在地。院章上绘有10本书，象征最初赠书建校的10位牧师；三片榆树叶象征耶鲁在纽黑文市的永久地位，因纽黑文被称为"榆树之乡"。

1 residential   

adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的

参考例句：

• The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
• The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

2 freshman   

n.大学一年级学生(可兼指男女)

参考例句：

• Jack decided to live in during his freshman year at college.杰克决定大一时住校。
• He is a freshman in the show business.他在演艺界是一名新手。

3 affiliated   

adj. 附属的, 有关连的

参考例句：

• The hospital is affiliated with the local university. 这家医院附属于当地大学。
• All affiliated members can vote. 所有隶属成员都有投票权。

4 cohesiveness   

n. 粘合，凝聚性

参考例句：

• The Bogor Goals concern APEC's credibility, cohesiveness and future development. 茂物目标事关亚太经合组织的信誉、凝聚力和未来发展。
• One of the most important properties of a work team is cohesiveness. 工作小组的最重要特征之一是凝聚力。

5 intimacy   

n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行

参考例句：

• His claims to an intimacy with the President are somewhat exaggerated.他声称自己与总统关系密切，这有点言过其实。
• I wish there were a rule book for intimacy.我希望能有个关于亲密的规则。

6 faculty   

n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员

参考例句：

• He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
• He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。

7 distinctive   

adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的

参考例句：

• She has a very distinctive way of walking.她走路的样子与别人很不相同。
• This bird has several distinctive features.这个鸟具有几种突出的特征。

8 secluded   

adj.与世隔绝的；隐退的；偏僻的v.使隔开，使隐退( seclude的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

• Some people like to strip themselves naked while they have a swim in a secluded place. 一些人当他们在隐蔽的地方游泳时，喜欢把衣服脱光。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This charming cottage dates back to the 15th century and is as pretty as a picture, with its thatched roof and secluded garden. 这所美丽的村舍是15世纪时的建筑，有茅草房顶和宁静的花园，漂亮极了，简直和画上一样。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 chapels   

n.小教堂， （医院、监狱等的）附属礼拜堂( chapel的名词复数 )；（在小教堂和附属礼拜堂举行的）礼拜仪式

参考例句：

• Both castles had their own chapels too, which was incredible to see. 两个城堡都有自己的礼拜堂，非常华美。 来自互联网
• It has an ambulatory and seven chapels. 它有一条走廊和七个小教堂。 来自互联网

10 benefactor   

n. 恩人，行善的人，捐助人

参考例句：

• The chieftain of that country is disguised as a benefactor this time. 那个国家的首领这一次伪装出一副施恩者的姿态。
• The first thing I did, was to recompense my original benefactor, my good old captain. 我所做的第一件事, 就是报答我那最初的恩人, 那位好心的老船长。

11 crest   

n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖

参考例句：

• The rooster bristled his crest.公鸡竖起了鸡冠。
• He reached the crest of the hill before dawn.他于黎明前到达山顶。

12 chevron   

n.V形臂章；V形图案

参考例句：

• He wore shoulderstrap rank slides with sergeant's chevrons.他佩戴标示级别的肩章，上面有中士的V形标志。
• The chevron or arrow road sign indicates a sharp bend to the left or right.V形或箭头路标表示有向左或向右的急转弯。

13 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

14 symbolic   

adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的

参考例句：

• It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
• The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。

15 haven   

n.安全的地方，避难所，庇护所

参考例句：

• It's a real haven at the end of a busy working day.忙碌了一整天后，这真是一个安乐窝。
• The school library is a little haven of peace and quiet.学校的图书馆是一个和平且安静的小避风港。