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乌东激战考验乌克兰

Government security forces faced fierce resistance Monday from pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine, while officials in Kyiv say the military is steadily¹ gaining control of the region. Some observers question whether the government has the military strength or political will to end the conflict.

在乌克兰东部，政府安全部队星期一遭遇亲俄分离主义分子的激烈抵抗。基辅的军事官员说，乌克兰军队正在稳扎稳打地夺取东部地区的控制权。然而，一些观察人士对乌克兰政府是否有终止冲突的军事实力和政治意愿表示怀疑。

The hospital in Slovyansk treated many separatists wounded in a battle with Ukrainian forces on Monday that killed a number of fighters on both sides.

星期一，斯拉维扬斯克的医院收治了很多在同乌克兰部队作战时受伤的分离主义分子。双方都有多名战斗人员丧生。

The strategy of the Ukrainian forces has been to surround and isolate² the separatists stronghold towns of Slovyansk and Kramatorsk. Despite this latest attack by militants³, Ukrainian Security Services spokesperson Maryna Ostapenko says things are progressing as planned.

乌克兰部队的战略一直是包围和孤立分离主义分子在斯拉维扬斯克和克拉马托尔斯克两镇的据点。虽然当局又一次遭到激进分子的攻击，但是乌克兰安全局发言人马林娜·奥斯塔片科说，一切正在按计划进行。

“Now I can say that Kramatorsk is under the control of the anti-terrorist forces, except for the center of town. Separatists there as well as in Slovyansk are still in control of buildings," said Ostapenko.

她说：“现在我能说的是，克拉马托尔斯克目前在反恐部队的控制之下，只有镇中心例外。那里以及斯拉维扬斯克的分离分子仍然控制着楼房。”

The strategy to force the separatists to retreat to their occupied buildings can be effective, says analyst⁴ Dmitry Tymchuk with Kyiv's Center for Military and Political Research. But he is concerned the Ukrainian forces are spread too thin.

基辅的分析人士季米特里·泰姆丘克说，把分离分子逼退到他们占领的楼房内的策略可能是有效的，不过他担心乌军会因为战线过长而显得兵力不足。

“If they have blocked Slovyansk, I question how tight it is blocked and how effective this area is controlled now. With other areas - for example, Kramatorsk in particular - I have huge questions," said Tymchuk.

他说：“如果他们封锁了斯拉维扬斯克，我的疑问是，这个封锁圈能有多紧？能在多大程度上有效控制这处地区？其它地区，特别是克拉马托尔斯克会怎么样？我有大大的疑问。”

Security spokesperson Ostapenko says that in one recent battle, Ukrainian forces were outnumbered by separatists but still managed to win.

安全局发言人奥斯塔片科说，在最近的一次战斗中，乌军人数虽然少于分离分子但最后还是以少胜多。

“I can say that during the operation a real fight began. The guys from Ukrainian special forces had to face an opponent that in numbers was twice as big as their group," she said.

她说：“我可以说的是，在那次行动中，一场真正的战斗爆发了。乌克兰特种部队被迫面对人数是他们两倍的对手。”

Tymchuk says to succeed, the military must continue to fight in a systematic⁵ and sustained manner despite mounting casualties. And he says this will be a real test of leadership for the government.

泰姆丘克说，若想成功，乌军必须继续有条不紊地战斗下去，哪怕伤亡不断增多。他说，这将是对基辅政府领导能力的一次真正考验。

“First of all, deal with Slovyansk operation completely, to the end. After that Kramatorsk, and after that free all occupied areas. But if Ukrainian forces don't have enough resources, and here we see that it is not clear if they do or not, in this environment if there is no political will it's very difficult," he said.

他说：“首先，要把在斯拉维扬斯克的行动进行到底。然后是克拉马托尔斯克，然后解放所有被占领地区。可是，如果乌克兰部队没有足够的资源，而现在我们还看不出来他们有没有，在这种环境下，如果没有政治意愿，那会很难办到。”

Kyiv is also sending a national guard unit to Odessa to re-establish control after deadly clashes erupted between pro-Russian activists⁶ and supporters of the Ukrainian government.

基辅还派出一支国民卫队前往敖德萨，试图恢复对当地的控制权。在这之前，亲俄罗斯的活动人士和乌克兰政府的支持者爆发了冲突，造成严重伤亡。

The Ukrainian government accuses Russia of supporting the separatists to destabilize the country ahead of the planned May 25 elections. Moscow says Kyiv and the West are provoking the bloodshed.

克兰政府指责俄罗斯在乌克兰计划于5月25日举行的选举之前支持分离主义分子破坏国家稳定。莫斯科则说，基辅当局和西方国家正在挑起血腥冲突。