在线英语听力室_免费在线英语听力学习网站

国际足联未来之路：加大透明度

As American and Swiss authorities proceed with their criminal investigations¹ against FIFA officials, the future of the organization and its leadership remains² a mystery. Anti-corruption experts say FIFA must take certain steps if it is to regain³ the world’s trust.

在美国和瑞士当局继续对国际足联(FIFA)官员展开刑事调查之际，国际足联及其领导层的未来仍然是谜。反腐专家对美国之音说，国际足联要想重新赢得世人信任，必须采取步骤扩大透明度。

One of the most expansive cases of foreign bribery⁴ in the history of the U.S. Justice Department had its start with ex-FIFA executive Chuck Blazer’s secret plea deal in 2013. That was followed by the indictment⁵ of 14 FIFA officials in May.

美国司法部历史上规模最大的海外贿赂案之一始于司法部与前国际足联执委查克·布莱泽在2013年秘密达成的诉辩交易。在这之后便是今年5月对14名国际足联官员的起诉。

Professor of law, Jennifer Arlen says prosecutors⁶ are working their way up to the top.

纽约大学法学教授珍妮弗·阿伦说，检察官正在一步步向上挖。

She said, "If they have some witness target=_blank class=infotextkey>witnesses who don't want to cooperate, there's nothing like watching other people get indicted⁷ to encourage you to cooperate.”

她说：“挺常见的做法是，检察官会从一项调查开始，起诉第一批人，用这种办法来鼓励大家合作。所以，如果他们有证人不想合作，那就让你看到别人被起诉了。没有什么比这更能鼓励你合作了。”

Uncertain future

Coming off record television ratings for the women’s World Cup, the future of football in the United States seems promising⁸. But for FIFA, the future is less certain.

世界杯女足的电视收视率创下纪录，似乎预示着足球在美国前景光明。不过，对国际足联来说，前途就不那么确定了。

Anti-corruption compliance⁹ expert Jeff Thinnes, CEO of JTI Inc., calls FIFA a “multibillion-dollar secret society” and says many of its 209 members have long-standing relationships with senior executives.

遵守反腐法规专家、JTI公司首席执行官和创始人杰夫·廷内斯把国际足联称为“几十亿美元的黑社会”。他说，国际足联209名成员中很多人跟高级主管有着长期的关系。

“Clearly some due diligence needs to be done on those individuals, and everybody currently associated with FIFA, so that as it’s reconstituted, the world at large could be sure that we are truly starting with a clean slate,” Thinnes said.

他说：“显然，需要对那些人进行一些尽职调查，也就是每个目前跟国际足联有关的人，这样，在国际足联重组之际，外部世界可以确信，一切可以从新开始。”

Former FIFA Independent Governance Committee member Alexandra Wrage said a lack of transparency works against the “good, ethical” people within the organization.

国际跟踪主席、前国际足联独立治理委员会成员亚历山德拉·瑞吉说，缺乏透明度使国际足联组织内部那些“有节操的好人”难做事。

“It's a nonprofit and they should be answerable to the public," said Wrage, now president of Trace International, a nonprofit business association that provides members with anti-bribery compliance support.

这是一个非营利组织，应该向公众汇报。

"They are getting the benefit of this tax-free status, and the price of that is greater transparency. When a nonprofit the size of FIFA, with the reserves of FIFA, has less transparency than a public corporation, there’s something really wrong with the system,” said Wrage.

她说：“他们享有免税待遇，而这种待遇的代价就是要扩大透明度。一个像国际足联这样规模、有国际足联这样多资金的非营利组织，在透明度上却连一个上市公司都不如，这种制度真的是有问题。”

CONCACAF — FIFA’s affiliate¹⁰ governing body responsible for North America, Central America and the Caribbean — recently announced reforms. Among them are term limits for Executive Committee members, credit and background checks for vendors¹¹, and annual financial statements available to the public.

国际足联下属的中北美洲及加勒比海足球协会（CONCACAF）最近宣布了改革措施，包括限制执委会成员任期，对供应商进行信誉和背景调查，并每年公布财务报表。