高级口译笔记:文化交流 Cultural Exchange

 　　文化交流

　　Cultural Exchange

　　一、词汇

　　汉字的四声（平声、上声、仄声和去声） the four tones of Chinese characters, namely, the level tone, the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone

　　笔画 stroke

　　部首 radical¹

　　偏旁 basic character component²

　　象形文字 pictograph

　　独角戏 monodrama/one-man play

　　皮影戏 shadow play

　　折子戏 opera highlights

　　单口相声 monologue³ comic talk

　　对口相声 comic cross talk

　　说书 monologue story-telling

　　传说 legend

　　神话 mythology⁴

　　寓言 fable⁵

　　武术 martial⁶ art

　　气功 controlled breathing exercise

　　气功疗法 breathing technique therapy

　　春联 spring couplet

　　剪纸 paper-cut

　　戏剧脸谱 theatrical⁷ mask

　　草药的四气：寒、热、温、凉 four properties of medicinal herb: cold, hot, warm and cool

　　草药的五味：酸、苦、甘、辛、咸 five tastes of medicinal herb: sour, bitter, sweet, hot and salty

　　二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms

　　天干地支 the heavenly stems and earthly branches

　　清明节 the Pure Brightness Day

　　端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival

　　中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival

　　文化事业 cultural undertaking⁸

　　民族文化 national culture

　　民间文化 folk culture

　　乡土文化 native/country culture

　　跨文化交流 cross-cultural communication

　　文化冲击 culture shock

　　表演艺术 performing art

　　舞台艺术 stage art

　　流行艺术 popular/pop art

　　高雅艺术 elegant/high art

　　电影艺术 cinematographic art

　　十四行诗 sonnet⁹

　　三幕六场剧 a three-act and six-scene play

　　音乐舞台剧 musical

　　复活节 Easter

　　万圣节 Halloween

　　内容与形式的统一 unity¹⁰ of content and form

　　二、例句

　　古为今用，洋为中用。

　　Make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China.

　　中国是一个历史悠久、文化灿烂的多民族国家。

　　China is a multinational¹¹ country with a long history and splendid culture.

　　文化交流不是让外国文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富和充实本民族的文化。

　　Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one’s won culture to a foreign culture, but one of inriching a nation’s own culture.

1 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

2 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

3 monologue   

n.长篇大论，（戏剧等中的）独白

参考例句：

• The comedian gave a long monologue of jokes.喜剧演员讲了一长段由笑话组成的独白。
• He went into a long monologue.他一个人滔滔不绝地讲话。

4 mythology   

n.神话，神话学，神话集

参考例句：

• In Greek mythology,Zeus was the ruler of Gods and men.在希腊神话中，宙斯是众神和人类的统治者。
• He is the hero of Greek mythology.他是希腊民间传说中的英雄。

5 fable   

n.寓言；童话；神话

参考例句：

• The fable is given on the next page. 这篇寓言登在下一页上。
• He had some motive in telling this fable. 他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。

6 martial   

adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的

参考例句：

• The sound of martial music is always inspiring.军乐声总是鼓舞人心的。
• The officer was convicted of desertion at a court martial.这名军官在军事法庭上被判犯了擅离职守罪。

7 theatrical   

adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的

参考例句：

• The final scene was dismayingly lacking in theatrical effect.最后一场缺乏戏剧效果，叫人失望。
• She always makes some theatrical gesture.她老在做些夸张的手势。

8 undertaking   

n.保证，许诺，事业

参考例句：

• He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
• He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。

9 sonnet   

n.十四行诗

参考例句：

• The composer set a sonnet to music.作曲家为一首十四行诗谱了曲。
• He wrote a sonnet to his beloved.他写了一首十四行诗，献给他心爱的人。

10 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

11 multinational   

adj.多国的，多种国籍的；n.多国籍公司，跨国公司

参考例句：

• The firm was taken over by a multinational consulting firm.这家公司被一个跨国咨询公司收购。
• He analyzed the relationship between multinational corporations and under-developed countries.他分析了跨国公司和不发达国家之间的关系。