VOA时事新闻2023 美国加州遭遇"大气河流"风暴

A rare tornado¹ touched down near Los Angeles on Wednesday.

周三，一场罕见的龙卷风在洛杉矶附近登陆。

It followed another major storm that hit the state of California on Tuesday.

在此之前，周二，另一场大风暴袭击了加利福尼亚州。

The violent weather brought heavy rain and snow from the Pacific Ocean.

恶劣的天气从太平洋带来了暴雨和大雪。

It caused floods, moved earth, uprooted² trees, and forced thousands of Californians to leave their homes.

引发了洪水，泥石流，连根拔起了树木，迫使成千上万的加州人背井离乡。

The National Weather Service said Tuesday's storm was a weather system connected to the 12th so-called³ atmospheric⁴ river since late December.

美国国家气象局表示，周二的风暴是自12月底以来发生的第12条大气河流风暴。

Atmospheric rivers are long and wide areas, like a river, of water vapor⁵ in the atmosphere that forms over an ocean.

大气河流是在海洋上空形成的大气层中的又长又宽的充满水汽的区域，就像天空中的河流一样。

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration⁶ says these weather systems carry as much water vapor as the average flow of water at the mouth of the Mississippi River.

美国国家海洋和大气管理局表示，这些天气系统携带的水汽量相当于密西西比河入海口的平均流量。

When atmospheric rivers make landfall, they often release⁷ this water vapor in the form of rain or snow.

当大气河流登陆时，它们通常以雨或雪的形式释放这些水汽。

Atmospheric rivers come in many shapes and sizes.

大气河流形状大小不一。

The largest of those can create strong winds and can cause extreme rainfall and floods.

其中最大的大气河流会产生强风，并可能会导致极端降雨和洪水。

They can cause large amounts of damage to property and life.

它们会对财产和生命造成巨大的损失。

But atmospheric rivers are an important part of the world's water cycle.

但大气河流是世界水循环的重要组成部分。

In the western part of the United States, they bring snow to the Sierra Mountains in the winter.

在美国西部，它们在冬天会给塞拉山脉带来降雪。

The snow then melts and releases⁸ water in the spring and summer for power, farming, and drinking water for millions of people.

然后，积雪在春季和夏季融化并释放水，为数百万人提供电力、农业用水和饮用水。

The Tuesday storm arrived on the second official day of spring.

周二的暴风雨是在春天的第二天到来的。

The National Weather Service office in the San Francisco area wrote, "Wow. Even by the standards of what has turned out to be one of our most extraordinary winter seasons in a very long time, yesterday ... stands out."

美国国家气象局旧金山地区办公室写道：“哇。即使按照很长一段时间以来最不寻常的一个冬季的标准来看，昨天……也很突出。”

In the San Francisco area, windows were blown out from two tall buildings in the city.

在旧金山地区，该市两座高楼的窗户被吹掉。

A train carrying 55 passengers struck a downed tree and derailed near the village of Porta Costa.

一列载有55名乘客的火车在科斯塔村附近撞上了一棵倒下的树并脱轨。

Parts of California had winds of 97 to 113 kilometers per hour.

加州部分地区的风速为每小时97至113公里。

Officials confirmed five deaths related⁹ to the storm when trees fell onto their vehicles and a tent.

官员们证实，暴风雨造成5人死亡，树木砸在了他们的汽车上和帐篷上。

California Office of Emergency Services said more than 14,000 people statewide were under orders to find higher ground because of flooding.

加州应急服务办公室表示，由于洪水，全州超过1.4万人接到命令寻找地势较高的地方。

Evacuation warnings were issued for another 47,000 Californians.

对另外4.7万名加州人发出了疏散警告。

PowerOutage.us found nearly 250,000 homes and businesses were without electricity statewide.

PowerOutage.us发现全州有近25万户家庭和企业停电。

The repeated Pacific storms during the past three months, however, have brought much-needed snow and water to California after years of dry weather and wildfires.

然而，在经历了多年的干旱天气和野火之后，在过去三个月里反复出现的太平洋风暴给加州带来了亟需的雪和水。

The state's Department of Water Resources says California has now received 147 percent of average rainfall so far this season.

加州水资源部表示，到目前为止，加州本季度的降雨量是平均降雨量的147%。

I'm Gregory Stachel.

格雷戈里·施塔赫尔为您播报。

1 tornado   

n.飓风，龙卷风

参考例句：

• A tornado whirled into the town last week.龙卷风上周袭击了这座城市。
• The approaching tornado struck awe in our hearts.正在逼近的龙卷风使我们惊恐万分。

2 uprooted   

v.把（某物）连根拔起( uproot的过去式和过去分词 )；根除；赶走；把…赶出家园

参考例句：

• Many people were uprooted from their homes by the flood. 水灾令许多人背井离乡。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The hurricane blew with such force that trees were uprooted. 飓风强烈地刮着，树都被连根拔起了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 so-called   

adj.所谓的，号称的

参考例句：

• These were the so-called mainframe machines.它们被称为主机。
• Let's see what this so-called button does.让我们来看看为什么这个按钮叫这个名字。

4 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

5 vapor   

n.蒸汽，雾气

参考例句：

• The cold wind condenses vapor into rain.冷风使水蒸气凝结成雨。
• This new machine sometimes transpires a lot of hot vapor.这部机器有时排出大量的热气。

6 administration   

n.经营，管理；行政，行政机关，管理部门

参考例句：

• Who is in charge of the administration of your company?你们公司的行政工作由谁负责？
• The teachers are responsible to the school administration.教师向学校行政负责。

7 release   

vt.发布，发表，发行；释放，放开

参考例句：

• After my examination I had a feeling of release.考完试后我有如释重负之感。
• This medicine will give you release from pain.这药吃后会解除你的疼痛。

8 releases   

v.释放( release的第三人称单数 )；放开；发布；发行

参考例句：

• Nuclear fission releases tremendous amounts of energy. 核裂变释放出巨大的能量。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Zemel says that when calcium levels are low, the body releases a hormone that helps squeeze the most out of every available milligram of the mineral. 泽莫尔博士说，当人体中的钙含量偏低时，身体里就会产生一种荷尔蒙，它能帮助肌体最大限度地吸收所摄入的钙。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 related   

adj.有关系的，有关联的，叙述的，讲述的

参考例句：

• I am not related to him in any way.我和他无任何关系。
• We spent days going through all related reference material.我们花了好多天功夫查阅所有有关的参考资料。