VOA常速英语2018--美国称克里米亚为乌克兰所有

Four years ago this month, Russia held an illegitimate, fabricated referendum in Ukraine in an attempt to legitimize its purported¹ annexation² of Ukrainian territory. Crimean residents were compelled to vote under scrutiny³ by heavily armed Russian troops. Russia's claim that Ukrainians made a free choice in that illegitimate exercise lacks credibility.

4年前的3月份，俄罗斯在乌克兰进行了一次非法捏造的公投，目的是使其吞并乌克兰领土合法化。乌克兰民众在全副武装的俄罗斯军队的监督下被迫进行了投票。俄罗斯称，乌克兰人民在这次非法的公投里做出了自由的选择，这是缺乏可信性的。

On March 14, Russian President Vladimir Putin spoke⁴ in Crimea's largest city, Sevastopol, before a crowd to mark the fourth anniversary of the sham⁵ referendum. In this campaign rally, President Putin reiterated⁶ Russia's false claims to Ukrainian territory in another open admission that the Russian government disdains⁷ the international order and disrespects the territorial⁸ integrity of sovereign nations, said State Department Spokesperson Heather Nauert in a written statement.

3月14日，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔 普京(Vladimir Putin)在克里米亚最大城市塞瓦斯托波尔的公众面前进行了讲话，以纪念虚假公投的四周年。在这次集会上，普京总统重申了俄罗斯对乌克兰领土的虚假所有权，再次公开承认了俄罗斯政府蔑视了国际秩序和多个主权国家的领土完整。国务院发言人希瑟 诺尔特(Heather Nauert)在一份纸质声明中如是说道。

In light of Putin's remarks, Nauert added, it is important to call attention to the illegitimacy of the staged referendum, but also to the tremendous human costs the Russian government has imposed on the people of Crimea.

诺尔特补充道，鉴于普京做出了这样的言论，那么当前很重要的事情不仅是让国际社会注意到这次公投的非法性，也要注意到俄罗斯政府对克里米亚人民施加的巨大人力成本。

Over the past four years, Russia has engaged in a campaign of coercion⁹ and violence, targeting anyone opposed to its attempted annexation. Russian occupation authorities have subjected Crimean Tatars, ethnic¹⁰ Ukrainians, pro-Ukrainian activists¹¹, civil society members, and independent journalists to politically motivated prosecution¹² and ongoing¹³ repression¹⁴, while methodically suppressing nongovernmental organizations and independent media outlets¹⁵.

过去4年来，俄罗斯采取了威压和暴力手段，以反对吞并克里米亚的人为目标。俄罗斯让克里米亚鞑靼人、乌克兰种族、支持乌克兰的活动家、民间社会成员以及独立的记者屈服于有政治动机的起诉和压迫，同时系统性地压迫非政府组织和独立媒体机构。

The United States stands behind those courageous¹⁶ individuals who continue to speak out about these abuses and we call on Russia to cease its attempts to quell¹⁷ fundamental freedoms of expression, peaceful assembly and association, and religion or belief, Nauert said.

美国支持那些勇于继续说出俄罗斯暴行的人，我们呼吁俄罗斯停止镇压言论、和平集会和结社、宗教信仰的基本自由，诺尔特如是说道。

We reaffirm our commitment to Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity within its internationally recognized borders. Crimea is part of Ukraine and our Crimea-related sanctions will remain in place until Russia returns control of the peninsula to Ukraine.

我们重申美国致力于乌克兰在国际认可的边境内享有主权和领土完整的权利。克里米亚是乌克兰的一部分，与克里米亚有关的制裁将不会解除，除非俄罗斯将克里米亚半岛的控制权交还给乌克兰。

1 purported   

adj.传说的，谣传的v.声称是…，（装得）像是…的样子( purport的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• the scene of the purported crime 传闻中的罪案发生地点
• The film purported to represent the lives of ordinary people. 这部影片声称旨在表现普通人的生活。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 annexation   

n.吞并，合并

参考例句：

• He mentioned the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910 .他提及1910年日本对朝鲜的吞并。
• I regard the question of annexation as belonging exclusively to the United States and Texas.我认为合并的问题，完全属于德克萨斯和美国之间的事。

3 scrutiny   

n.详细检查，仔细观察

参考例句：

• His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
• Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。

4 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

5 sham   

n./adj.假冒(的)，虚伪(的)

参考例句：

• They cunningly played the game of sham peace.他们狡滑地玩弄假和平的把戏。
• His love was a mere sham.他的爱情是虚假的。

6 reiterated   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• "Well, I want to know about it,'she reiterated. “嗯，我一定要知道你的休假日期，"她重复说。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• Some twenty-two years later President Polk reiterated and elaborated upon these principles. 大约二十二年之后，波尔克总统重申这些原则并且刻意阐释一番。

7 disdains   

鄙视，轻蔑( disdain的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He disdains going to the cinema/to sit with people like us. 他不屑于去看电影[与我们这等人同席而坐]。
• Ideology transcends limits, eschews restraints, and disdains tolerance or conciliation. 意识形态越出界限，避开遏制，蔑视宽容或和解。

8 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

9 coercion   

n.强制，高压统治

参考例句：

• Neither trickery nor coercion is used to secure confessions.既不诱供也不逼供。
• He paid the money under coercion.他被迫付钱。

10 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

11 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

13 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

14 repression   

n.镇压，抑制，抑压

参考例句：

• The repression of your true feelings is harmful to your health.压抑你的真实感情有害健康。
• This touched off a new storm against violent repression.这引起了反对暴力镇压的新风暴。

15 outlets   

n.出口( outlet的名词复数 )；经销店；插座；廉价经销店

参考例句：

• The dumping of foreign cotton blocked outlets for locally grown cotton. 外国棉花的倾销阻滞了当地生产的棉花的销路。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They must find outlets for their products. 他们必须为自己的产品寻找出路。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

16 courageous   

adj.勇敢的，有胆量的

参考例句：

• We all honour courageous people.我们都尊重勇敢的人。
• He was roused to action by courageous words.豪言壮语促使他奋起行动。

17 quell   

v.压制，平息，减轻

参考例句：

• Soldiers were sent in to quell the riots.士兵们被派去平息骚乱。
• The armed force had to be called out to quell violence.不得不出动军队来镇压暴力行动。