VOA常速英语2018--美国再对俄罗斯施加制裁

In an effort to address ongoing¹, nefarious² attacks emanating³ from Russia, Treasury⁴ Secretary Steven Mnuchin announced additional sanctions targeting 19 Russian individuals and five entities⁵ responsible for a range of destabilizing activities, including interference in the 2016 U.S. election and a series of destructive cyber-attacks.

为了终止当前来自俄罗斯的邪恶攻击事件，美国财政部部长努钦(Steven Mnuchin)宣布对19名俄罗斯个人和5家俄罗斯实体进行制裁。这些个人和实体进行了一系列破坏稳定的活动，包括干涉2016年的美国大选，并发动了一系列具有破坏性的网络攻击事件。

In a written statement, the Treasury Department noted⁶ that one of those attacks, known as the NotPetya attack, attributed by the U.S. and Britain to the Russian military, was the most destructive and costly⁷ cyber-attack in history and resulted in billions of dollars in damage across Europe, Asia, and the United States.

在一份纸质声明中，财政部指出，其中一次名为勒索病毒的攻击，英美两国认为是俄罗斯军方所为。这次攻击是历史上破坏性最强、成本最高的网络攻击事件，导致欧洲、亚洲、美国损失巨大。

The Treasury Department declared that since at least March 2016, Russian government cyber actors have also targeted U.S. government entities and multiple U.S. critical infrastructure⁸ sectors⁹, including the energy, nuclear, commercial facilities, water, aviation and critical manufacturing sectors.

财政部宣布，最晚从2016年3月开始，俄罗斯政府的黑客还以美国各政府实体和多个美国关键基础设施部门，包括能源部门、核部门、商业设施、水力部门、航空部门、关键制造业部门。

The sanctions imposed by the U.S. Treasury block all property of those designated that is subject to U.S. jurisdiction¹⁰ and prohibits U.S. persons from engaging in transactions with them.

由于美国施加了制裁，所以美国管辖范围内这些受指定方的财产都将受到冻结，美国公民也无法与他们进行交易。

The Treasury Department noted that in addition to Russia's malign¹¹ cyber activity, the U.S. continues to pressure Russia for its ongoing efforts to destabilize Ukraine, occupy Crimea, meddle¹² in elections, as well as for its endemic corruption¹³ and human rights abuses. It added that the recent use of a military-grade nerve agent in an attempt to murder two UK citizens further demonstrates the reckless and irresponsible conduct of its government.

财政部表示，除了俄罗斯的恶意网络活动之外，美国还继续向俄罗斯施压，迫使其停止破坏乌克兰稳定、侵占克里米亚、插手他国大选、解决地方贪污问题和践踏人权问题。财政部补充表示，最近，俄罗斯还使用了一种军用神经毒剂，想要谋杀两名英国市民。这进一步证明了俄罗斯政府鲁莽而又不负责任的行为。

Under President Donald Trump¹⁴, the United States has sanctioned more than 100 individuals and entities under Ukraine and Russia-related sanctions authorities. These sanctions, the Treasury Department stated, are in addition to other ongoing efforts by Treasury to address destabilizing activity emanating from within Russia, including our sanctioning of Russians targeted for activities related to the North Korea sanctions program, the Global Magnitsky program, and the Sergei Magnitsky Act.

在特朗普总统的领导下，美国已就乌克兰和问题和俄罗斯相关制裁问题而制裁了100多个个人和实体。财政部表示，这些制裁措施只是财政部当前举措的部分内容，这些举措都是为了终止俄罗斯引发的破坏稳定的行为，包括制裁一些俄罗斯个人的举措，原因是这些人涉嫌参与朝鲜制裁计划中，即《全球马格尼茨基人权问责法案》和《马格尼茨基法案》。

When the new sanctions against Russian individuals and entities were announced March 15, White House Spokesperson Sarah Sanders was asked if Russia were a friend or foe¹⁵ of the United States. They're going to have to decide whether or not they want to be a good actor or a bad actor, she replied. I think you can see from the actions that we've taken up until this point, we're going to be tough on Russia until they decide to change their behavior.

再次制裁俄罗斯个人和实体的决定于3月15日宣布，当天有人问白宫发言人萨拉 桑德斯(Sarah Sanders)俄罗斯是美国的朋友还是敌人。俄罗斯人必须先确定自己想怎样表现，桑德斯如是说道。我觉得大家能从我们目前为止的行动中看出，我们不会对俄罗斯手软，除非俄罗斯改弦易张。

1 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

2 nefarious   

adj.恶毒的，极坏的

参考例句：

• My father believes you all have a nefarious purpose here.我父亲认为你们都有邪恶的目的。
• He was universally feared because of his many nefarious deeds.因为他干了许多罪恶的勾当，所以人人都惧怕他。

3 emanating   

v.从…处传出，传出( emanate的现在分词 )；产生，表现，显示

参考例句：

• Even so, there is a slight odour of potpourri emanating from Longfellow. 纵然如此，也还是可以闻到来自朗费罗的一种轻微的杂烩的味道。 来自辞典例句
• Many surface waters, particularly those emanating from swampy areas, are often colored to the extent. 许多地表水，特别是由沼泽地区流出的地表水常常染上一定程度的颜色。 来自辞典例句

4 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

5 entities   

实体对像； 实体，独立存在体，实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

6 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

7 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

8 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

9 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10 jurisdiction   

n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权

参考例句：

• It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
• Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

11 malign   

adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑

参考例句：

• It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
• She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

12 meddle   

v.干预，干涉，插手

参考例句：

• I hope he doesn't try to meddle in my affairs.我希望他不来干预我的事情。
• Do not meddle in things that do not concern you.别参与和自己无关的事。

13 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

14 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

15 foe   

n.敌人，仇敌

参考例句：

• He knew that Karl could be an implacable foe.他明白卡尔可能会成为他的死敌。
• A friend is a friend;a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.敌是敌，友是友，必须分清界限。