2019年经济学人 一周要闻 优步亏损致股价暴跌 英国广告被禁播 Viacom与CBS合并

 

Boeing delivered just 19 planes in July, the least since the financial crisis. The company is holding more than 150 of its 737 max aircraft, which have been grounded after two fatal crashes. The ripples¹ from the grounding continue to spread. Norwegian airline said it was ending flights from Ireland to America in part because of the “continued uncertainty” of the 737 max’s return to service. It is Norwegian’s first retreat from a transatlantic market it had entered assertively².

波音公司7月份只交付了19架飞机，是金融危机以来数量最少的一次。该公司拥有超过150架737 max飞机，这款机型在两起致命的坠机事故后已经停飞。停飞的影响继续扩散。挪威航空公司表示，将终止从爱尔兰飞往美国的航班，部分原因是737 max复飞的“持续不确定性”。这是挪威航空首次退出其果断进入的跨大西洋市场。

After years of on-off negotiations³ with a plot worthy⁴ of a soap opera, Viacom and CBS agreed to merge⁵, reuniting two media companies that were split in 2006 and combining assets such as Paramount⁶ and MTV with one of America’s big four networks. Shari Redstone, whose family controls both companies, will become chairwoman of ViacomCBS.

经过数年断断续续的肥皂剧般的谈判，Viacom和哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)终于同意合并，将两家2006年拆分的媒体公司重新合并，并将派拉蒙影业公司(Paramount)和MTV等资产与美国四大电视网之一合并。莎莉·雷德斯通(Shari Redstone)将成为ViacomCBS的董事长，这两家公司均归其家族所有。

Britain’s advertising⁷ authority banned two TV ads under new rules on gender⁸ stereotyping⁹. One ad, for Volkswagen, depicted¹⁰ men being more adventurous¹¹ than women. The other, for Philadelphia cream cheese, showed two men distracted by lunch neglecting their babies. Mondelez, the maker¹² of Philadelphia, said it chose two dads “to deliberately¹³ avoid the typical stereotype” of two mothers. The regulator disagreed, ruling that “the men were portrayed¹⁴ as somewhat hapless” and that the “humour in the ad derived¹⁵ from the use of the gender stereotype”.

根据性别歧视的新规定，英国广告监管机构禁播了两则电视广告。其中一则是大众汽车的广告，描述了男性比女性更具冒险精神。另一则是Philadelphia软奶酪公司拍摄的广告显示，两名男子因分心而照顾孩子不周。该公司的制造商Mondelez公司解释称，他们选择一对父亲出演是“专门为了避免典型的（母亲育儿）刻板印象”。该监管机构不认可这一观点，裁定“这些男性被描绘得有些不幸”，并且“广告中的幽默也源自对性别的刻板印象”。

WeWork’s parent company filed documents for its eagerly awaited IPO, which might happen next month. The office rental¹⁶ firm is the latest in a string of high-profile startups to float on the stockmarket this year. Like many of its contemporaries, WeWork’s filing suggests it struggles to make a profit. In the first half of this year it recorded a $905m loss.

WeWork的母公司为其备受期待的首次公开上市提交了文件，上市可能会在下个月进行。这家办公室租赁公司是今年上市的一系列知名初创公司中的最新一家。与许多同时代公司一样，WeWork的文件显示，该公司难以盈利。今年上半年，该公司亏损9.05亿美元。

Uber’s share price fell by a fifth in the days after it revealed a $5.2bn quarterly loss. Most of that was because of share-based compensation paid to workers after Uber’s ipo, but even on its favoured measure of profitability it made a loss of $656m, more than in the same quarter last year. Dara Khosrowshahi, the chief executive, accepted that investors¹⁷ were frustrated¹⁸ with mounting losses, conceding that “There’s a meme around, which is, can Uber ever be profitable?”.

优步公布季度亏损52亿美元后，其股价在几天内下跌了五分之一。这主要是因为优步首次公开募股后向员工支付的基于股票的薪酬，但即便是基于优步青睐的盈利指标，该公司也亏损6.56亿美元，高于去年同期。优步首席执行官达拉·科斯罗沙希(Dara Khosrowshahi)承认，投资者对不断增加的亏损感到沮丧，并承认“大家都在迷茫，优步能够盈利吗?”

1 ripples   

逐渐扩散的感觉( ripple的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The moon danced on the ripples. 月亮在涟漪上舞动。
• The sea leaves ripples on the sand. 海水在沙滩上留下了波痕。

2 assertively   

断言地，独断地

参考例句：

• Using the right body language helps you communicate more assertively. 使用正确的肢体语言会帮助你更有主张力的交流。
• Learning to communicate assertively involves learning to be honest, open and direct. 果敢自信的交往方式的学习包括做到为人诚实、坦率和直言不讳。

3 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

4 worthy   

adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的

参考例句：

• I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
• There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。

5 merge   

v.(使)结合，(使)合并，(使)合为一体

参考例句：

• I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.我可以将我的两家小商店合并为一家大商行。
• The directors have decided to merge the two small firms together.董事们已决定把这两家小商号归并起来。

6 paramount   

a.最重要的，最高权力的

参考例句：

• My paramount object is to save the Union and destroy slavery.我的最高目标是拯救美国，摧毁奴隶制度。
• Nitrogen is of paramount importance to life on earth.氮对地球上的生命至关重要。

7 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

8 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

9 stereotyping   

v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• I realize that I'm stereotyping. 我认识到我搞的是老一套。 来自辞典例句
• There is none of the gender stereotyping usually evident in school uniforms. 有没有人的性别刻板印象通常是显而易见的。 来自互联网

10 depicted   

描绘，描画( depict的过去式和过去分词 )； 描述

参考例句：

• Other animals were depicted on the periphery of the group. 其他动物在群像的外围加以修饰。
• They depicted the thrilling situation to us in great detail. 他们向我们详细地描述了那激动人心的场面。

11 adventurous   

adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的　

参考例句：

• I was filled with envy at their adventurous lifestyle.我很羨慕他们敢于冒险的生活方式。
• He was predestined to lead an adventurous life.他注定要过冒险的生活。

12 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

13 deliberately   

adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地

参考例句：

• The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
• They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。

14 portrayed   

v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画

参考例句：

• Throughout the trial, he portrayed himself as the victim. 在审讯过程中，他始终把自己说成是受害者。
• The author portrayed his father as a vicious drunkard. 作者把他父亲描绘成一个可恶的酒鬼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

15 derived   

vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取

参考例句：

• Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 rental   

n.租赁，出租，出租业

参考例句：

• The yearly rental of her house is 2400 yuan.她这房子年租金是2400元。
• We can organise car rental from Chicago O'Hare Airport.我们可以安排提供从芝加哥奥黑尔机场出发的租车服务。

17 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

18 frustrated   

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
• The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》