2020年经济学人 巴托比职场专栏--帮助刑满释放犯减少再犯罪(2)

Around 40% of people at the Televerde corporate¹ o?ce are ex-prisoners. Some released on Friday start work there the next Monday. One former inmate², Michelle Cirocco, who has been with the company for 21years, has held high executive positions, in charge of marketing³ and corporate social responsibility.

Televerde公司办公室里大约40%的人都是刑满释放人员。周五释放的一些人会在下个周一开始工作。米歇尔·希罗科曾是曾在该公司工作的一名囚犯，他在该公司工作了21年，获得了高级管理职位，负责市场营销和企业社会责任。

Not everyone who worked for Televerde while inside will ?nd a job at headquarters when they leave. But the skills they learn are still useful; a study by Arizona State University shows that 94% of exTeleverde workers have jobs after ?ve years, earning 3.7 times the average wage for former convicts. In Ohio Dan Meyer runs Nehemiah Manufacturing, which was created ten years ago speci?cally to hire what he calls “second-chance citizens”—not just prisoners but people with a history of drug and alcohol abuse, and those from homeless shelters. The company licenses⁴ small brands from multinationals⁵ such as Pampers⁶ Kandoo, a line of products for toddlers. It employs 180 people, of whom 130 are in the “second chance” category.

并不是所有在服刑期间为 Televerde 工作过的人在出狱后都能获得总部的工作。但他们学到的技能仍然有用；亚利桑那州立大学的一项研究显示，94%的前Televerde员工在工作五年后仍有工作，他们的工资是有前科者平均工资的3.7倍。在俄亥俄州，达恩·迈尔经营着一家名为Nehemiah Manufacturing的公司，该公司成立于十年前，专门雇佣他所谓的“二次公民”——不仅是囚犯，还包括有吸毒和酗酒史的人，以及那些来自流浪者收容所的人。该公司从 Pampers Kandoo 等跨国公司获得小品牌授权。Pampers Kandoo是专为幼儿设计的产品系列。它雇佣了180人，其中130人属于“第二次机会”类别。

Mr Meyer found that getting a job is not the only challenge for those released from prison. They also need help with housing and child care, which is why Nehemiah has employed three social workers. New staff are initially⁷ hired for three to six months and around 30-40% drop out in that period. But once they are hired full-time⁸, the turnover⁹ rate is only 15%, which he says is low by industry standards. Many of the workers have drug-related problems and the company operates random¹⁰ drug-testing. If employees fail a test, they are o?ered rehab.

迈尔发现，对于那些刑满释放人员来说，找到一份工作并不是唯一的挑战。他们还需要住房和儿童保育方面的帮助，这就是尼希米雇佣了三名社会工作者的原因。新员工最初会被雇佣三到六个月，在此期间大约有30%到40%的人会离职。但一旦他们被全职聘用，员工流动率只有15%，他说，以行业标准衡量，这是很低的。许多工人都有与毒品有关的问题，公司还进行随机的毒品检测。如果员工考试不及格，他们将接受康复治疗。

Nehemiah cannot employ all of Ohio’s second-chancers. So Mr Meyer created the Beacon¹¹ of Hope business alliance. In total, the alliance has 80 members, including Kroger, a supermarket chain. Collectively, they have hired 600 vulnerable people.

尼希米无法将俄亥俄州所有第二次重新开始的人都雇佣。因此，迈尔创建了希望商业联盟的灯塔。该联盟共有80名成员，其中包括连锁超市Kroger。他们总共雇佣了600名弱势群体。

Writing individuals off for life is not just callous¹². It also is economically ine?cient. Society will be better if more jailbirds ?nd jobs—be they those released early because of covid-19 or those still serving time.

抛弃个人的生活不仅仅是冷酷无情的。它在经济上也是低效的。如果有更多的囚犯找到工作，那么社会将会变得更好——无论是那些因covid-19而提前出狱的人，还是那些仍在服刑的人。

1 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

2 inmate   

n.被收容者；(房屋等的)居住人；住院人

参考例句：

• I am an inmate of that hospital.我住在那家医院。
• The prisoner is his inmate.那个囚犯和他同住一起。

3 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

4 licenses   

n.执照( license的名词复数 )v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Drivers have ten days' grace to renew their licenses. 驾驶员更换执照有10天的宽限期。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Jewish firms couldn't get import or export licenses or raw materials. 犹太人的企业得不到进出口许可证或原料。 来自辞典例句

5 multinationals   

跨国公司( multinational的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These local companies are only small fry compared with the huge multinationals. 同那些跨国公司比，这些当地的公司不过是小鱼小虾。
• Some people believe that the multinationals have too much power. 有人认为跨国公司的权力太大了。

6 pampers   

v.纵容，宠，娇养( pamper的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The biggest is Pampers nappies, which collected more than $7 billion last year. 最大的是帮宝适(Pampers)纸尿裤，去年收获超过70亿美元。 来自互联网
• She pampers her own spoiled children and brings Jane up as little better than a servant. 她对她那些被宠坏了的孩子娇生惯养，但对简则有如对待佣仆。 来自辞典例句

7 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

8 full-time   

adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的

参考例句：

• A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。
• I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作，我不知道她是如何对付的。

9 turnover   

n.人员流动率，人事变动率；营业额，成交量

参考例句：

• The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。
• Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。

10 random   

adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动

参考例句：

• The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

11 beacon   

n.烽火，（警告用的）闪火灯，灯塔

参考例句：

• The blink of beacon could be seen for miles.灯塔的光亮在数英里之外都能看见。
• The only light over the deep black sea was the blink shone from the beacon.黑黢黢的海面上唯一的光明就只有灯塔上闪现的亮光了。

12 callous   

adj.无情的，冷淡的，硬结的，起老茧的

参考例句：

• He is callous about the safety of his workers.他对他工人的安全毫不关心。
• She was selfish,arrogant and often callous.她自私傲慢，而且往往冷酷无情。