2020年经济学人 一周要闻 英国放松封锁限制 "跪杀"黑人4名警察被解雇 日本解除数县的封锁

The world this week

本周国际要闻

Politics

政治

The Japanese government lifted restrictions¹ in the last remaining prefectures under lockdown. It also unveiled a second stimulus², worth $1trn.

日本政府解除了对最后几个被封锁的县的限制。而且还公布了价值1万亿美元的第二项刺激计划。

Rodrigo Duterte, the president of the Philippines, said schools would not reopen until a vaccine³ for covid-19 is available. That could mean a year or more of subpar education.

菲律宾总统的罗德里戈·杜特尔特(Rodrigo Duterte)表示，在新冠肺炎疫苗到位之前，学校不会复课。此举可能意味着一年或更长时间的低水平教育。

Four policemen were sacked in Minneapolis after a black man died while being restrained during an arrest. Video showed one officer kneeling on George Floyd’s neck to keep him on the ground. Protesters later clashed with police.

明尼阿波利斯的四名警察被解雇，原因是一名黑人在被拘留，压倒的过程中死亡。视频显示，一名警官跪压在乔治·弗洛伊德的脖子上，将他按倒在地。抗议者后来与警察发生了冲突。

The University of California, America’s foremost public-college system, said it would phase out the use of sat scores when deciding whom to admit. A faculty⁴ task-force had concluded that the tests were excellent predictors of academic success. But critics say they are unfair on those who cannot afford prepping courses.

美国最重要的公立大学加州大学表示，在决定录取对象时，将逐步取消sat分数。一个教师特别小组得出结论，这些测试是学术成就的最佳预测指标。但批评人士表示，这对那些负担不起预备课程的学生不公平。

Days after he began a new term in office Binyamin Netanyahu, the prime minister of Israel, stood trial on charges of bribery⁵, fraud and breach⁶ of trust. He has denied wrongdoing and has called the justice system politically biased⁷. Mr Netanyahu also told members of his Likud party that extending Israeli sovereignty over parts of the occupied West Bank was a priority for his new government.

以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡在开始新任期几天后，就因受贿、欺诈和背信罪受审。他否认自己存在不当行为，称司法系统存在政治偏见。内塔尼亚胡还告诉他的利库德集团成员，扩大以色列对被占领的约旦河西岸部分地区的主权是他的新政府的首要任务。

America accused Russia of sending fighter jets to Libya to support Russian mercenaries fighting on behalf of Khalifa Haftar, a rebellious⁸ warlord. General Haftar launched an offensive on the capital, Tripoli, last year but has been pushed back by forces aligned⁹ with the internationally recognised Government of National Accord, which is supported by Turkey.

美国指责俄罗斯向利比亚派遣战斗机，以支持俄罗斯雇佣兵为反叛军阀哈利法·哈夫塔(Khalifa Haftar)作战。去年，哈夫塔将军对首都的黎波里发动了进攻，但被与民族团结政府（得到国际承认与土耳其支持）结盟的部队击退。

Authorities in Tanzania charged a comedian¹⁰, Idris Sultan, after a video on social media showed him laughing at a photograph of the president, John Magufuli, in an oversize suit. Mr Sultan was initially¹¹ charged with “bullying” the president. In court this was changed to using someone else’s mobile-phone SIM card.

社交媒体上的一段视频显示，喜剧演员伊德里斯·苏尔坦(Idris Sultan)冲着身穿大号西装的总统约翰·马古富里(John Magufuli)的PS照片大笑，随后坦桑尼亚当局对他进行了指控。苏尔坦先生最初被控“恐吓”总统。在法庭上，这一指控被改为使用他人的手机SIM卡。

Electoral officials in Burundi declared the ruling party’s candidate, Evariste Ndayishimiye, the winner in a presidential vote. Opposition¹² parties say the election was rigged. Many dead people reportedly voted.

布隆迪选举官员宣布执政党候选人埃瓦里斯特·恩达伊施米耶(Evariste Ndayishimiye)赢得总统选举。反对党称选举被操纵。据报道，参与投票的人中有很多已经去世的人。

More lockdown restrictions were eased in England. From mid-June, all shops will be allowed to reopen; outdoor markets from June 1st. The government also announced a UK-wide quarantine on international arrivals from June 8th, including Britons returning from abroad. Ireland, which is in Britain’s common travel area, is exempt¹³.

英国放松了更多的封锁限制。从6月中旬开始，所有商店将获准恢复营业；从6月1日开始户外市场将开门营业。政府还宣布从6月8日起在全国范围内对国际旅客进行隔离，包括从国外返回的英国人。爱尔兰是英国的共同旅游区，因此不受此限制。

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 stimulus   

n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物

参考例句：

• Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
• Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.光是促进植物生长的一个因素。

3 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

4 faculty   

n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员

参考例句：

• He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
• He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。

5 bribery   

n.贿络行为，行贿，受贿

参考例句：

• FBI found out that the senator committed bribery.美国联邦调查局查明这个参议员有受贿行为。
• He was charged with bribery.他被指控受贿。

6 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。

7 biased   

a.有偏见的

参考例句：

• a school biased towards music and art 一所偏重音乐和艺术的学校
• The Methods: They employed were heavily biased in the gentry's favour. 他们采用的方法严重偏袒中上阶级。

8 rebellious   

adj.造反的，反抗的，难控制的

参考例句：

• They will be in danger if they are rebellious.如果他们造反，他们就要发生危险。
• Her reply was mild enough,but her thoughts were rebellious.她的回答虽然很温和，但她的心里十分反感。

9 aligned   

adj.对齐的，均衡的

参考例句：

• Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。

10 comedian   

n.喜剧演员；滑稽演员

参考例句：

• The comedian tickled the crowd with his jokes.喜剧演员的笑话把人们逗乐了。
• The comedian enjoyed great popularity during the 30's.那位喜剧演员在三十年代非常走红。

11 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

12 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

13 exempt   

adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者

参考例句：

• These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
• He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。