PBS高端访谈:南非前总统祖玛入狱引发大规模骚乱

In South Africa, rioting and looting rocked parts of the country again overnight.

一夜之间南非部分地区再次发生骚乱和抢劫事件。

Police say more than 70 people have been killed and 1, 200 arrested since last week. Nick Schifrin reports.

警方透露，自上周以来已有70多人被杀，1200人被捕。下面由尼克·施弗林为我们报道。

It started as political protests and devolved into chaos¹ across two of South Africa's largest cities, of looting, ransacked² shelves, and malls turned into smoldering³ buildings.

刚开始是政治抗议，后来在南非最大的两个城市演变成混乱，洗劫货架，商场变成了冒烟的建筑。

Some looters admitted they stole, but said their crimes were born from poverty.

一些抢劫者承认自己偷窃，但表示他们的罪行源于贫困。

I guess the real reason is because we have nothing. And when you see other people stealing, at some point, you realize that shops will close and you will be left with nothing.

我想背后的根源是因为我们一无所有。当你看到别人在偷东西时，某个时刻你会意识到商店将会关门，你将一无所有。

In response, police and soldiers fired into crowds, and tried to restore order.

作为回应，警察和士兵向人群开枪，试图恢复秩序。

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa accuses looters of taking advantage of civil unrest.

南非总统拉马福萨指责劫掠者利用国内动乱。

What we are witnessing now are opportunistic acts of criminality.

我们现在看到的是机会主义的犯罪行为。

The short-term spark was the imprisonment⁴ of former South African President Jacob Zuma for contempt of court.

南非前总统雅各布·祖玛因藐视法庭罪被判入狱是短期导火索。

He's accused of fraud, racketeering, and money laundering⁵.

他被指控诈骗、敲诈勒索和洗钱。

But the long-term embers are entrenched⁶ poverty and unemployment, nearly 30 years after the end of apartheid.

不过长期的导火索是在种族隔离结束近30年之后留下的根深蒂固的贫穷和失业问题。

It is the dehumanizing effect of the -- of inequality, and also the reality that South Africa just cannot continue the way in which we have been continuing.

这是因不平等导致的人性丧失效应，也表明了一种现实，即南非不能再以我们现在的方式继续下去。

Ralph Mathekga is a political analyst⁷ and fellow at the University of Johannesburg.

拉尔夫·马特克伽是约翰内斯堡大学的政治分析家和研究员。

He says the African National Congress party has failed to deliver the dignity it promised to South Africans, and is roiled⁸ by infighting.

他说，非洲人国民大会党未能兑现其对南非人所承诺的尊严，而且还陷入了内讧。

And Zuma himself became synonymous with corruption⁹. The pandemic led to severe lockdowns that further increased unemployment.

祖玛本人也成了腐败的同义词。大流行导致了严重的封锁，进一步增加了失业。

This is the worst violence since apartheid, . And analysts¹⁰ warn, if the unrest leads to Zuma's freedom, that could challenge the country's rule of law.

这是自种族隔离以来最严重的暴力事件。分析人士警告说，如果祖玛因动乱而获得了自由，这可能挑战南非的法治。

If the court releases him, it will have meant that, if you orchestrate chaos, you are going to be able to evade¹¹ accountability.

如果法庭将他释放，那就意味着策划混乱的人可以逃避责任。

Today, parts of South Africa are still on fire, and there's no sign anyone can douse¹² the flames. For the "PBS NewsHour, " I'm Nick Schifrin.

今天，南非部分地区仍火势不断，而且没有迹象表明谁能制止这一态势。这里是PBS新闻一小时，我是尼克·施弗林。

1 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

2 ransacked   

v.彻底搜查( ransack的过去式和过去分词 )；抢劫，掠夺

参考例句：

• The house had been ransacked by burglars. 这房子遭到了盗贼的洗劫。
• The house had been ransacked of all that was worth anything. 屋子里所有值钱的东西都被抢去了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

3 smoldering   

v.用文火焖烧，熏烧，慢燃( smolder的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The mat was smoldering where the burning log had fallen. 燃烧的木棒落下的地方垫子慢慢燃烧起来。 来自辞典例句
• The wood was smoldering in the fireplace. 木柴在壁炉中闷烧。 来自辞典例句

4 imprisonment   

n.关押，监禁，坐牢

参考例句：

• His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。
• He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy.他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。

5 laundering   

n.洗涤（衣等），洗烫（衣等）；洗（钱）v.洗（衣服等），洗烫（衣服等）( launder的现在分词 )；洗（黑钱）（把非法收入改头换面，变为貌似合法的收入）

参考例句：

• Separate the white clothes from the dark clothes before laundering. 洗衣前应当把浅色衣服和深色衣服分开。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He was charged with laundering money. 他被指控洗钱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 entrenched   

adj.确立的，不容易改的(风俗习惯)

参考例句：

• Television seems to be firmly entrenched as the number one medium for national advertising.电视看来要在全国广告媒介中牢固地占据头等位置。
• If the enemy dares to attack us in these entrenched positions,we will make short work of them.如果敌人胆敢进攻我们固守的阵地，我们就消灭他们。

7 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

8 roiled   

v.搅混（液体）( roil的过去式和过去分词 )；使烦恼；使不安；使生气

参考例句：

• American society is being roiled by the controversy over homosexual marriage. 当今美国社会正被有关同性恋婚姻的争论搞得不得安宁。 来自互联网
• In the past few months, instability has roiled Tibet and Tibetan-inhabited areas. 在过去的几个月里，西藏和藏人居住区不稳定。 来自互联网

9 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

10 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

11 evade   

vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避

参考例句：

• He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
• You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人，你怎么能对这个问题不置可否？

12 douse   

v.把…浸入水中，用水泼；n.泼洒

参考例句：

• Men came with buckets of water and began to douse the flames.人们提来一桶桶水灭火。
• He doused the flames with a fire extinguisher.他用灭火器把火焰扑灭。