新闻周刊:女性晚睡早起更易患抑郁症

Women Night Owls¹ May Be At Bigger Risk For Depression Than Early birds

女性晚睡早起更易患抑郁症

By Dana Dovey

作者：德纳·达维

Depression is a serious condition that affects around 16 million U.S. adults.

抑郁症是一种严重的病，约160万美国成年人深受其害。

The condition is more common in women, but new research suggests that older women who naturally go to bed early and wake up early may be less likely to develop the condition as they age.

抑郁症在女性身上更常见，但新研究表明大龄女性随着年龄增长，早睡早起会降低患抑郁症的概率。

For the study, published online now in The Journal of Psychiatric Research, the team looked at the rate of depression and sleep patterns of 32,470 females who had taken part in the Nurses’ Health Study II.

该研究现发表在《精神病学研究杂志》网页版上，32470位女性参加了护士健康研究II期，团队研究了她们患抑郁症的比例以及睡眠模式。

The women had an average age of 55, and described themselves as either early, intermediate or late sleepers² and risers.

参与研究的女性平均年龄为55岁，划分为早中晚三个程度的睡眠和起床时间。

They also updated their depression status using a questionnaire from 2011 to 2013.

她们还在2011-2013年间通过调查问卷更新了自己的抑郁状态。

Results revealed that women who went to bed early and rose early had modestly lower risk of depression, compared to the other women.

结果表明，早睡早起的女性患抑郁症的概率相对更低。

In addition, those who went to bed late and woke up late had a statistically³ increased risk of depression.

另外，从统计学上来看，晚睡晚起还会增加患抑郁症的风险。

According to the researchers, this suggests that natural sleeping pattern may influences the risk of depression in middle to older aged⁴ women.

根据研究人员的说法，这表明自然睡眠模式可能会影响大龄女性患抑郁症的风险。

However, one major caveat⁵ of the study is that the researchers were unable to account for the role that the environment and genetics played in these results.

然而，对于这项研究还要提醒一下：研究人员无法说明环境和基因在这个研究结果中所起的作用。

Late bedtimes and risings are not the only sleep patterns that have been associated with increased risk of depression.

晚睡晚起并不是唯一和抑郁症风险增加有关的睡眠模式。

The National Sleep Foundation reported that people with insomnia⁶ are 10 times more likely to develop depression than individuals who sleep well.

美国国家睡眠基金会报告称，失眠患者比睡眠质量好的人患抑郁症的风险要高十倍。

Those who’s depression includes trouble falling asleep and trouble staying asleep are at the greatest risk for developing depression.

抑郁症而又难以入睡且睡不安稳，加深抑郁症的风险最高。

The link between sleep and depression has been long noted⁷ by scientists.

科学家早就注意到了睡眠和抑郁症之间的关系。

For example, The National Sleep Foundation wrote that lack of sleep and difficulty sleeping is a common side effect of depression.

美国国家睡眠基金会曾写过缺乏睡眠以及入睡困难是抑郁症的常见症状。

However, exactly where this relationship ties is difficult to pin down.

然而，很难弄清楚这其中的联系到底如何。

For example, the Foundation writes that both sleep problems and depression may share similar risk factors, which could explain why they are often seen hand-in-hand.

例如，该基金会表明，睡眠问题和抑郁症有相似的危险因素，这也就能解释为什么他们看起来这么相似了。

Better understanding of how sleep patterns may have an effect on depression risk could help doctors develop more effective prevention plans.

更好地理解睡眠模式如何增加患抑郁症风险，可以帮助医生制定更有效的预防方案。

1 owls   

n.猫头鹰( owl的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• 'Clumsy fellows,'said I; 'they must still be drunk as owls.' “这些笨蛋，”我说，“他们大概还醉得像死猪一样。” 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
• The great majority of barn owls are reared in captivity. 大多数仓鸮都是笼养的。 来自辞典例句

2 sleepers   

n.卧铺（通常以复数形式出现）；卧车( sleeper的名词复数 )；轨枕；睡觉（呈某种状态）的人；小耳环

参考例句：

• He trod quietly so as not to disturb the sleepers. 他轻移脚步，以免吵醒睡着的人。 来自辞典例句
• The nurse was out, and we two sleepers were alone. 保姆出去了，只剩下我们两个瞌睡虫。 来自辞典例句

3 statistically   

ad.根据统计数据来看，从统计学的观点来看

参考例句：

• The sample of building permits is larger and therefore, statistically satisfying. 建筑许可数的样本比较大，所以统计数据更令人满意。
• The results of each test would have to be statistically independent. 每次试验的结果在统计上必须是独立的。

4 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

5 caveat   

n.警告； 防止误解的说明

参考例句：

• I would offer a caveat for those who want to join me in the dual calling.为防止发生误解，我想对那些想要步我后尘的人提出警告。
• As I have written before,that's quite a caveat.正如我以前所写，那确实是个警告。

6 insomnia   

n.失眠，失眠症

参考例句：

• Worries and tenseness can lead to insomnia.忧虑和紧张会导致失眠。
• He is suffering from insomnia.他患失眠症。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。