新闻周刊:“黑人的命也是命”运动(3)

In London, demonstrators have chanted "No justice, no peace" outside the U.S. Embassy but also in front of Britain's Houses of Parliament. And the protestors invoke¹ the names of Britons like Mark Duggan, Sheku Bayoh, Sean Rigg, Sarah Reed and Cherry Groce—all members of the Black community who died during interactions with law enforcement —along with the names of slain² Americans like George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Tamir Rice and Philando Castile.

在伦敦，示威者们在美国大使馆外，英国国会大厦前高呼“无正义，不和平”。抗议者们还提起了马克·达根、希库·巴约、肖恩·里格、莎拉·里德和切丽·格罗斯的名字——这些人都是在与执法部门互动中死亡的黑人群体——以及被杀害的乔治·弗洛伊德、布雷纳·泰勒、塔米尔·赖斯和菲兰多·卡斯蒂尔等人的名字。

The incidence of police violence in Britain, where officers do not generally carry firearms, is dramatically lower than in the U.S. Since 2015, police in the U.S. have shot and killed around 1,000 people each year, with Black people twice as likely to die at the hands of law enforcement as white people, according to an online database maintained by The Washington Post. In England and Wales, the number of people fatally shot by police in 2019 was three.

在英国，警察一般不携带枪支，警察暴力事件的发生率大大低于美国。自2015年以来，美国警方每年大约枪杀一千人，其中黑人死于执法人员手中的可能性是白人的两倍，根据《华盛顿邮报》维护的数据库。在英格兰和威尔士，警方在2019年枪杀三人。

But while the number of violent encounters is small, the racial pattern is similiar. "A disproportionate number of Black people are stopped and searched and a disproportionate number of Black people are dying in interactions with the police," says Arike Oke, managing director of the Black Cultural Archives, a cultural heritage center that preserves and celebrates the histories of African and Caribbean people in Britain. In fact, of the 292 people in England and Wales who died while in police custody³ or soon after over the past 15 years, 23, or 8 percent, were Black, according to the Independent Office for Police Conduct, even though they make up just 3 percent of the population.

但是尽管暴力冲突发生的次数很少，但是种族模式却是相似的。阿里克·奥克表示，“有大量的黑人被拦截和搜查，也有大量的黑人在与警方互动中死去，”他是黑人文化档案馆的总经理，该文化档案馆是保存并颂扬英国的非洲和加勒比民族历史的文化遗产中心。事实上，在过去的15年里，英格兰和威尔士有292个人在被警察拘留时或不久后死亡，其中有23个人是黑人，占比8%，根据警察行为独立办公室的数据。即使黑人只占总人口的3%。

As in the U.S., the pandemic has only added to racial imbalances in Britain, where the risk of dying from COVID is more than three times higher for Black men and nearly two and a half times higher for Black women than white people of the same gender⁴, according to data from the Office for National Statistics. Inequalities in healthcare, housing and economic opportunities are believed to play a major role.

与美国一样，疫情只会加剧英国的种族不平衡，英国黑人男性死于新冠肺炎的风险是白人男性的3倍多，而黑人女性死于新冠肺炎的风险是白人女性的近2.5倍，根据英国国家统计局的数据。人们认为医疗保健、住房以及经济机会方面的不平等是主要原因。

1 invoke   

v.求助于(神、法律)；恳求，乞求

参考例句：

• Let us invoke the blessings of peace.让我们祈求和平之福。
• I hope I'll never have to invoke this clause and lodge a claim with you.我希望我永远不会使用这个条款向你们索赔。

2 slain   

杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词)

参考例句：

• The soldiers slain in the battle were burried that night. 在那天夜晚埋葬了在战斗中牺牲了的战士。
• His boy was dead, slain by the hand of the false Amulius. 他的儿子被奸诈的阿缪利乌斯杀死了。

3 custody   

n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留

参考例句：

• He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
• He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。

4 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。