新闻周刊:英国两人接种辉瑞新冠疫苗出现严重过敏反应(1)

From HEALTH

来自健康板块

Potential Pfizer COVID Vaccine¹ Allergic² Reactions Should Not Make Public 'Anxious'

辉瑞新冠疫苗潜在过敏反应不应让公众“焦虑”

BY ARISTOS GEORGIOU

作者：亚里士多德·乔治奥

Reports that two people suffered allergic reactions after taking the Pfizer/BioNTech in the U.K. should not make the general public "anxious," experts have said.

据报道，英国有两名民众在注射辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗后出现了过敏反应。专家表示，公众不应对此感到焦虑。

U.K. regulators said on Wednesday that people with "significant" allergies³ should not currently receive the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine.

英国监管机构星期三表示，“严重”过敏症患者目前不应注射辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗。

The announcement came after two members of the country's National Health Service (NHS) who were vaccinated⁴ on Tuesday experienced allergic reactions afterward⁵, Professor Stephen Powis, national medical director for the NHS in England, said in a statement.

公告发布之前，英国国家卫生服务局国家医疗主任斯蒂芬·鲍伊斯教授在一份声明中说，周二接种疫苗的两名国家卫生服务局成员事后出现了过敏反应。

Both individuals have a history of "significant" allergic reactions severe enough that they carry an adrenaline autoinjector with them at all times. The pair developed "anaphylactoid reaction" symptoms and are "recovering well" after receiving treatment, Powis said.

这两个人都有严重的过敏反应史，他们随身携带肾上腺素自动注射器。鲍伊斯表示，出现“过敏反应”症状的两人在接受治疗后“恢复良好”。

Regulators have not yet confirmed that the adverse⁶ reactions were caused by the vaccine, and if they were, what ingredient in the vaccine was responsible.

监管机构尚未证实不良反应是由疫苗引起的，如果疫苗会引起不良反应的话，那又是其中的什么成分造成的。

The U.K.'s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) issued precautionary advice to NHS trusts administering the shot that anyone "with a history of a significant allergic reaction to a vaccine, medicine or food should not receive the Pfizer/BioNtech vaccine," for now.

英国药品和保健品监管机构向NHS信托机构发出预防性建议，即，“任何对疫苗、药物或食品有严重过敏反应史的人都不应该接受辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗注射”。

"Resuscitation⁷ facilities should be available at all times for all vaccinations⁹. Vaccination⁸ should only be carried out in facilities where resuscitation measures are available," the advice stated.

建议表明，“接种疫苗时的所有复苏设施应随时可用。疫苗接种只能在有复苏措施的地方进行，”

From Wednesday, anyone set to receive the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine in the U.K. will be asked about their history of allergic reactions.

从星期三开始，任何人在英国接种辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗都会被问及是否有过敏反应史。

"As is common with new vaccines¹⁰ the MHRA have advised on a precautionary basis that people with a significant history of allergic reactions do not receive this vaccination after two people with a history of significant allergic reactions responded adversely¹¹ yesterday," Powis said on Wednesday.

鲍伊斯周三说：“新疫苗出现这样的情况是很常见的，MHRA在预防的基础上建议有严重过敏反应史的人不要接种辉瑞/BioNTech新冠疫苗，毕竟昨天两个有严重过敏反应史的人接种后出现了不良反应。”。

Earlier in December, the U.K. became the first country in the world to approve the Pfizer/BioNTech shot, with the vaccination program beginning this week. Workers in care homes, hospital patients and NHS staff are first in line to receive the vaccine.

今年十二月早些时候，英国成为世界上第一个批准辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗接种的国家，疫苗接种计划于本周开始。疗养院的工作人员、医院的病人和国民保健系统的工作人员是第一批接种疫苗的人。

"Allergic reaction occurs with quite a number of vaccines, and perhaps even more frequently with drugs. So it is not unexpected," Stephen Evans, a professor of pharmacoepidemiology at the London School of Hygiene¹² & Tropical Medicine, said in a statement.

“有相当多的疫苗都会出现过敏反应，药物过敏甚至更加频发。所以当前的情况并不意外。”伦敦卫生与热带医学院药物流行病学教授斯蒂芬·埃文斯在一份声明中说。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 allergic   

adj.过敏的，变态的

参考例句：

• Alice is allergic to the fur of cats.艾丽斯对猫的皮毛过敏。
• Many people are allergic to airborne pollutants such as pollen.许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏，比如花粉。

3 allergies   

n.[医]过敏症；[口]厌恶，反感；（对食物、花粉、虫咬等的）过敏症( allergy的名词复数 )；变态反应，变应性

参考例句：

• Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 来自辞典例句
• Let us, however, examine one of the most common allergies; hayfever. 现在让我们来看看最常见的变态反应的一种--枯草热。 来自辞典例句

4 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

5 afterward   

adv.后来；以后

参考例句：

• Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏，然后吃饭。
• Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来，这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。

6 adverse   

adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的

参考例句：

• He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
• The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。

7 resuscitation   

n.复活

参考例句：

• Despite attempts at resuscitation,Mr Lynch died a week later in hospital.虽经全力抢救，但林奇先生一周以后还是在医院去世了。
• We gave him mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and heart massage.我们对他进行了口对口复苏救治和心脏按摩。

8 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

9 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

11 adversely   

ad.有害地

参考例句：

• We commented adversely upon the imbecility of that message of telegraphic style. 我们对着这条电报式的愚蠢的留言发泄了一通不满。
• Widely fluctuating exchange rates may adversely affect international trade. 浮动幅度很大的汇率可能会对国际贸易产生有害的影响。

12 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。