TED演讲：语言如何改变人类(5)
Our species can make stuff, therefore we prospered in a way that no other species has. 人类这一物种可以创造事物，所以我们比任何其他物种都要繁荣先进 In fact, we can even make the stuff of life -- as I just said, all the s
TED演讲：语言如何改变人类(6)
And so some time around 200,000 years ago, our species confronted this crisis. 大约二十万年前，人类遇到了这一困境 And we really had only two options for dealing with the conflicts that visual theft would bring. 我们只有两种选择
TED演讲：语言如何改变人类(7)
Well, we chose the second option, and language is the result. 我们选了第二条路，语言就是产物 Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft. 语言的进化解决了观察性窃取的危机 Language is a piece of social technolog
TED演讲：语言如何改变人类(8)
Once we have language, we can put our ideas together and cooperate to have a prosperity 一旦我们有了语言，我们可以分享想法并合作，从而创造繁荣 that we couldn't have before we acquired it. 没有语言这是无法完成的 A
TED演讲： 语言如何改变人类(9)
Language really is the voice of our genes. 语言的确是我们基因的声音 Now having evolved language, though, we did something peculiar, even bizarre. 尽管我们有发达的语言，但我们也做了件特殊，甚至可以说是件奇怪的事
TED演讲： 语言如何改变人类(10)
Now I can't speak for you, 虽然我不能完全代表你们 but it seems to be the case that we don't have sex with people we can't talk to. 但可以这样说，我们不会跟无法交流的人去做爱 Now we have to counter that, though, against
TED演讲：语言如何改变人类(11)
Now think of the absurdity of this situation. 现在试想下这种奇怪的状况： If 27 individuals from those 27 member states sat around table, speaking their 23 languages, 如果27个来自各个盟国的人围坐在桌边，说着23种语言
TED演讲：语言如何改变人类(12)
There are lots and lots of ways of measuring time, 在许多计量时间的方法中 but a really bizarre base 60 system 古怪的60进制制度 known as hours and minutes and seconds is nearly universal around the world. 也就是时分秒计量单位
TED演讲： 语言如何改变人类(13)
Mark, one question. Svante found that the FOXP2 gene, which seems to be associated with language, 马克，我有个问题。斯万特发现FOXP2基因，好像它与语言有关 was also shared in the same form in Neanderthals as us. 而尼安德特人
TED演讲：谈语言和思想(1)
This is a picture of Maurice Druon, 照片里的人是Maurice Druon the Honorary Perpetual Secretary of L'Academie francaise, the French Academy. L'Academie francaise的荣誉终身秘书长--也就是法兰西学院 He is splendidly attired in his 6
TED演讲：谈语言和思想(2)
We see it in the constant appearance of slang and jargon, of the historical change in languages, 我们看到俗语和术语不断产生，历史上语言在变化 in divergence of dialects and the formation of new languages. 方言在分支，新的语
TED演讲： 谈语言和思想(3)
So, a problem in explaining how children learn language, 所以在解释孩子们如何学习语言时候，有一个问题 a problem in teaching language to adults so that they don't make grammatical errors, 同样也是教成人学外语语法时的一
TED演讲：谈语言和思想(4)
Now, many events can be subject to either construal, 许多时候我们都有理解偏差 kind of like the classic figure-ground reversal illusions, 类似于经典的形象-背景颠倒的幻术 in which you can either pay attention to the particula
TED演讲： 谈语言和思想(5)
So why should anyone care? 那为什么有人要在乎这工作呢？ Well, there are a number of interesting conclusions, I think, 这是因为有许多有趣的结论 from this and many similar kinds of analyses of hundreds of English verbs. 从这个
TED演讲 谈语言和思想(6)
It evokes the container metaphor of communication, in which we conceive of ideas as objects, 这使人想起语言交流中的容器隐喻，在这里面我们把想法理解成实物 sentences as containers, and communication as a kind of sending. 句
