法律英语900句 Part11-15

十一、公司法（Company law）
1.A company director owes a fiduciary¹ duty to the company.
2.A company is regarded by the law as a person:an artificial person.
3.An enterprise as a legal person shall conduct operations within the range approved and registered.
4.He is director appointed under the articles of the company.
5.Prior to application for registration,the share capital must be stipulated² in the Articles and all shares must be subscribed³.
6.The chairman was personally liable for the company's debts.
7.The company has complied with the court order.
8.The company has fulfilled all the terms of the agreement.
9.The company intends to sue for damages.
10.The company is controlled by the majority shareholder⁴.
11.The company is presumed to be still solvent⁵.
12.The company is resisting the takeover bid.
13.The company's action was completely legal.
14.The domicile of a legal person or other organization is at the place of its principal business establishment.
15.The legal adviser⁶ recommended applying for an injunction against the directors of the company.
16.The major methods used to reconstitute the company are acquisition of companies and merging⁷.
17.The profits and losses of the equity⁸ joint⁹ venture shall be shared by the parties in proportion to their contributions of the registered capital.
18.The resolution was invalid¹⁰ because the shareholder's meeting was not quorate.
19.The right to vote at shareholder's meetings for the election of directors shall be observed.
20.The two companies have merged¹¹.
公司董事应对公司负责受托人责任。
公司被法律规为"人",一个拟制人.
企业法人应当在核准登记的经营范围内从事经营.
他是一名按公司章程任命的董事。
在申请登记注册前，
在公司章程中必须载明股本额，
并且所有股份必须认购完毕。
董事长对公司债务承担个人责任。
公司遵守了法院的命令。
公司已经履行了全部协议中的条款。
公司打算提起索赔之诉。
该公司受控股股东的控制。
公司被推定仍有偿还能力。
该公司正在抵制以接管为目的的高价征购股份.
公司的行为完全合法。
法人和其他非法人组织以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。
法律顾问建议申请针对公司董事会的强制令。
公司重组的方式有公司收购和公司兼并。
合资企业各方应按其出资额在注册资本中的比例分享利润及亏损.
因股东大会不够法定人数,故该决议无效。
应该遵守股东大会上投票选举董事的表决权。
两个公司已经兼并。

Part 12 Jurisdiction¹²
1.It is a principle of first importance
that federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction.
2.Jurisdiction determines which court system should properly adjudicate a case.
3.Questions of jurisdiction also arise regarding quasi-judicial bodies,such as administrative¹³ agencies.
4.The case falls within the competence¹⁴ of the court.
5.The choice of jurisdiction of a court by agreement hall not violate the provisions of exclusive jurisdiction undr the law.
6.The court held that exercise of personal jurisdiction ust meet the requirements of due process.
7.The federal courts have usually interpreted the matters of jurisdiction rather strictly¹⁵.
8.The jurisdictional¹⁶ amount is set by statute¹⁷ and is currently $80,000.
9.This matter does not fall within the jurisdiction fo the Hight Court.
10.To start a civil suit the plaintiff first picks the proper court,one that has jurisdiction in the case.
管辖权
联邦法院是有限管辖权法院,这是首要原则.
什么法院体系适合审判某一案件应由管辖权决定.
准司法机构,如行政机构等也会出现管辖权问题.
该案在这个法院的管辖权范围内。
协议选择的法院管辖不得违反法律关于专属管辖的规定.
法院裁定行使人身管辖权必须符合正当程序要件.
在解释管辖权事项时联邦法院一直比较严格.
案件标的管辖权由法律规定,目前是80,000美元.
该事项不在高等法院管辖权范围之内.
原告要提民事诉讼,首先要找到对该案件有管辖权的恰当的法院.

Part 13 International law
1.A state alone can perform acts of sovereignty on its territory.
2.Being sovereign and equal to others,a state has certain rights and corresponding duties.
3.Both sides claimed the other side broke the peace agreement.
4.Every state has the duty to refrain from use of force against the territorial¹⁸ integrity of any other state.
5.He claimed diplomatic immunity¹⁹ to avoid being arrested.
6.His passport is out of date.
7.Illegal immigrants are deported²⁰.
8.One of the most flagrant of infringement²¹ of independence of States is intervention²².
9.Public intermational law has been regarded as a system of principles and rules esigned to govern relations between sovereign states.
10.The beginnings of international law as it is known today re usually traced to the 16th and 17th centuries.
国际法
只有国家和能在自已的领土上行使主行为。
作为独立、平等的主权国，
既享有某些权利，也承担相应的责任义务。
双方者声称对方破坏了和平协议。
任何国家都负有不得使用武力侵犯别国领土完整的责任。
为避免被捕,他声称享有外交豁免权。
他的护照已过期。
非法移民要被驱逐出国。
公然侵犯国家独立的行为之一是干涉。
国际公法一直被视为是调整主权国之关系的一套原则和规则。
如今的国际法的起源通常应追溯到16和17世纪。

Part 14 Negligence²³
1.Did the other person act negligently²⁴?
2.If you are more than 50 percent,you may not be able to recover damages in the negligence action.
3.In most civil contexts it does not matter whether negligence is"gross"or"slight".
4.In most states contributory negligence has been superceded by comparative negligence.
5.In regard to negligence,think of duty broadly as an obligation to protect the safety of others.
6.Involuntary manslaughter can be based on criminal negligence.
7.Negligence can also be a criminal offense²⁵.
8.Usually negligence is a tort.
9.You could bring a claim of negligence against the railroad company.
10.You have the grounds for a negligence action.
过失行为
他人的行为是否有过失？
如果你的责任超过50%，
你在此过失诉讼中便有可能无法得到赔偿金。
在多数民事事项环境中,过失行为是否"严重"或"轻微"并不关紧要.
在多数州,混合过失已经被比较过失取代。
在论及过失时，
应当视责任为广义的保护他人安全的义务。
非故意非预谋杀人罪可基于过失犯罪而成立。
过失行为也可能成为犯罪。
过失行为通常是侵犯行为。
你可以对铁路公司提起过失主张。
你有理由提起过失之诉。

Part 15 Customs&tariff²⁶
1.All imports must be declared to customs.
2.How long will it take us to pass through Customs?
3.Like retaliation²⁷ tariff,preferential tariff is used as a weapon in international relations.
4.The customs formalities for the exportation of the following cargo²⁸ ave been duly completed.
5.The Customs Bureau accepts certain foreign exports free of duty.
6.The duty on automobiles²⁹ will be abolished soon.
7.The government decided³⁰ to raise tariff walls against foreign goods.
8.The penalties for cheating customs are very severe.
9.The shutouts will soon be sent to the warehouse³¹.
10.To impose a heavy duty on the imports of steel is unreasonable³².
海关和关税
所有过口货物必须报关。
办完通关手续要多长时间？
与报复性关税一样，
特惠关税在国际关系中也被当成一种武器使用.
下列货物的出关手续已正式结清。
海关总署允许免税进口几种外国货。
汽车关税即将被取消。
政府决定提高关税壁垒以抵制外国货。
关税欺诈所受的惩罚非常重。
退关货物很快被存入仓库。
对钢材进口征收高关税是无道理的。
 

1 fiduciary   

adj.受托的，信托的

参考例句：

• A company director owes a fiduciary duty to the company.公司董事应对公司负责受托人责任。
• He was acting in a fiduciary capacity.他以受托人身份行为。

2 stipulated   

vt.& vi.规定；约定adj.[法]合同规定的

参考例句：

• A delivery date is stipulated in the contract. 合同中规定了交货日期。
• Yes, I think that's what we stipulated. 对呀，我想那是我们所订定的。 来自辞典例句

3 subscribed   

v.捐助( subscribe的过去式和过去分词 )；签署，题词；订阅；同意

参考例句：

• It is not a theory that is commonly subscribed to. 一般人并不赞成这个理论。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I subscribed my name to the document. 我在文件上签了字。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 shareholder   

n.股东，股票持有人

参考例句：

• The account department have prepare a financial statement for the shareholder.财务部为股东准备了一份财务报表。
• A shareholder may transfer his shares in accordance with the law.股东持有的股份可以依法转让。

5 solvent   

n.溶剂；adj.有偿付能力的

参考例句：

• Gasoline is a solvent liquid which removes grease spots.汽油是一种能去掉油污的有溶解力的液体。
• A bankrupt company is not solvent.一个破产的公司是没有偿还债务的能力的。

6 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

7 merging   

合并（分类）

参考例句：

• Many companies continued to grow by merging with or buying competing firms. 许多公司通过合并或收买竞争对手的公司而不断扩大。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• To sequence by repeated splitting and merging. 用反复分开和合并的方法进行的排序。

8 equity   

n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票

参考例句：

• They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
• To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

9 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

10 invalid   

n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的

参考例句：

• He will visit an invalid.他将要去看望一个病人。
• A passport that is out of date is invalid.护照过期是无效的。

11 merged   

（使）混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 )； 相融； 融入； 渐渐消失在某物中

参考例句：

• Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
• The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。

12 jurisdiction   

n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权

参考例句：

• It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
• Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

13 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

14 competence   

n.能力，胜任，称职

参考例句：

• This mess is a poor reflection on his competence.这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。
• These are matters within the competence of the court.这些是法院权限以内的事。

15 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。

16 jurisdictional   

adj. 司法权的，裁决权的，管辖权的

参考例句：

• In practice, however, this jurisdictional limit on administrative investigations is generally easy to satisfy. 然而在实践中，对行政调查的这种司法限制通常很容易符合规定标准。
• The jurisdictional amount is set by statute and is currently $80,000. 案件标的管辖权由法律规定，目前是80，000美元。 来自口语例句

17 statute   

n.成文法，法令，法规；章程，规则，条例

参考例句：

• Protection for the consumer is laid down by statute.保障消费者利益已在法令里作了规定。
• The next section will consider this environmental statute in detail.下一部分将详细论述环境法令的问题。

18 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

19 immunity   

n.优惠；免除；豁免，豁免权

参考例句：

• The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
• He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。

20 deported   

v.将…驱逐出境( deport的过去式和过去分词 )；举止

参考例句：

• They stripped me of my citizenship and deported me. 他们剥夺我的公民资格，将我驱逐出境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The convicts were deported to a deserted island. 罪犯们被流放到一个荒岛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 infringement   

n.违反；侵权

参考例句：

• Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship.违背这一规则会被自动取消参加锦标赛的资格。
• The committee ruled that the US ban constituted an infringement of free trade.委员会裁定美国的禁令对自由贸易构成了侵犯

22 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

23 negligence   

n.疏忽，玩忽，粗心大意

参考例句：

• They charged him with negligence of duty.他们指责他玩忽职守。
• The traffic accident was allegedly due to negligence.这次车祸据说是由于疏忽造成的。

24 negligently   

参考例句：

• Losses caused intentionally or negligently by the lessee shall be borne by the lessee. 如因承租人的故意或过失造成损失的，由承租人负担。 来自经济法规部分
• Did the other person act negligently? 他人的行为是否有过失？ 来自口语例句

25 offense   

n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪

参考例句：

• I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
• His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。

26 tariff   

n.关税，税率；(旅馆、饭店等)价目表，收费表

参考例句：

• There is a very high tariff on jewelry.宝石类的关税率很高。
• The government is going to lower the tariff on importing cars.政府打算降低进口汽车的关税。

27 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

28 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

29 automobiles   

n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• When automobiles become popular,the use of the horse and buggy passed away. 汽车普及后，就不再使用马和马车了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Automobiles speed in an endless stream along the boulevard. 宽阔的林荫道上，汽车川流不息。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

30 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

31 warehouse   

n.仓库；vt.存入仓库

参考例句：

• We freighted the goods to the warehouse by truck.我们用卡车把货物运到仓库。
• The manager wants to clear off the old stocks in the warehouse.经理想把仓库里积压的存货处理掉。

32 unreasonable   

adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的

参考例句：

• I know that they made the most unreasonable demands on you.我知道他们对你提出了最不合理的要求。
• They spend an unreasonable amount of money on clothes.他们花在衣服上的钱太多了。