法律英语基础听说900句 Part51-55

五十一、遗嘱和继承（Will & succession）
1.A will needs the signature of the testator and two witnesses.
2.He bequeathed his shares to his daughter.
3.He was named executor of his brother's will.
4.He would like part of his estate to go to relatives other than his immediate¹ family.
5.Hereby revoke² all former wills,codicils
and testamentary dispositions⁴ made by me and declare to be my last will and testament³.
6.She died without issue.
7.The main beneficiaries of the will are the deceased's family.
8.The will was signed in the presence of two witnesses
9.You can disinherit your children.
10.Your possessions will be distributed by the state
under its statute⁵ of descent if you die without a will.
遗嘱和继承
一份遗嘱需要立遗嘱人和两个证人签字.
他将他的份额遗赠给他的女儿.
他被提名做他兄弟的遗嘱执行人.
他宁愿奖其部分遗产赠与远亲而非近亲属.
在此特撤销本人以前订立之所有遗嘱,
遗嘱修订附件及按遗嘱进行的产权处置,
并宣布本遗嘱为人最终之遗嘱.
她死后无嗣.
遗嘱的主要受益人是死者的家庭成员.
本遗嘱是在两位证人面前签署的.
你可以剥夺子女的继承权.
如一个人无遗嘱死亡,其财产将按州的法定继承法规予以处置.
Part 52 Plaintiff &defendant⁶
1.The accused admitted six other offences.
2.The accused had no criminal record.
3.The accused throughout is presumed to be innocent unless he admits the offence or until he is proved beyond reasonable doubt to be guilty.
4.The accused was convicted of murder and will be sentenced next week.
5.The accused was found to be innocent.
6.The case proceeded notwithstanding the objections of the defendant.
7.The defendant applied⁷ for an extension of time in which to serve her defense⁸.
8.The defendant asked permission to address the court.
9.The defendant entered defense of justification⁹.
10.The defendant has the right to file a counter-suit.
11.The defendant has applied for an adjounment.
12.The defendant is in breach¹⁰ of his statutory duty.
13.The defendant prevailed in the case.
14.The defendant was in court for three hours.
15.The defense attorney's objection was overruled by the judge.
16.The lack of good will was evidenced by the defendant's behavior in the witness stand.
17.The plaintiff is seeking remedy through the courts.
18.The relief the plaintiff sought was an injunction and damages.
19.The plaintiff's account and defendant's response were filed with a master in chancery.
20.The respondent was not acting¹¹ bona fide.
原告和被告
被告承认其他六个犯罪行为.
被告没有前科.
在招认犯罪或毫无疑义地被证实有罪之前,被告都应被推定无罪.
被告已被定谋划杀罪并于下周判刑.
被告被判无罪.
尽管被告反对,诉讼照常进行.
被告申请延长她送答辩状的时间.
被告要求允许他在法庭讲话.
被告用被控行为正当为由进行辩护.
被告有权提起反诉.
被告提出休庭申请.
被告未履行他的法定义务.
被告胜诉
被告被法庭审了三个小时.
被告辩护律师提出的反对意见被法官驳回.
被告在证人席的行为显示其缺乏善意.
原告正通过法院寻求救济.
原告请求的救济为强制令和损害赔偿金.
原告的指控和被告的辩护被提交给了司法衡平法院的主事官.
被告的行为不真诚.
Part 53 Duty
1.A duty is an obligation of law imposed on a person to perform or refrain from performing a certain act.
2.A person who causes harm in exercising justifiable¹² defense shall not bear vivil liability.
3.Failure to observe the code does not render anyone liable to proceedings¹³.
4.If two or more persons jointly¹⁵ infringe¹⁶ upon another person's rights and cause him damage,the shall bear joint¹⁴ liability.
5.Ignorance of fact excuses.
6.The amount of damages is governed by the seriousness of the injuries suffered.
7.The customer is liable for breakages.
8.They are jointly and severally liable.
9.Will the new law free owners from responsibility to their tenants¹⁷?
10.What are the grounds for the claim for damages?
责任
责任是法律所规定的一个人为或不为之义务
因正当防卫造成损害的,不承担民事责任.
违反该法典者并不承担诉讼责任.
两人以上共同侵权造成他损害的,应当承担共同责任.
不知情可作为免责的理由.
损失赔偿金取决于所遭损失的严重程度.
顾客对破损承担法律责任.
他们应承担共同和连带责任.
新法将免除所有人对承租人承担的责任吗?
提出损害赔偿金要求的根据是什么?
Part 54 Gift
1.A donation of $1 million has been presented
to the sufferers by a wealthy lady.
2.A gift is a present transfer of property by one person to another without any consideration or compensation.
3.A gift to "my child" that does not set out the children's name is a class gift.
4.Capacity of donor¹⁸ is one of the essential requisites¹⁹ of "gift".
5.In the case of a gift the thing itself passes to the donee.
6.Only a complete gift is taxable under the gift tax.
7.payment of gift tax is the obligation of the donor,not the recipient²⁰.
8.The gift is subject to the federal unified²¹ transfer tax.
9.The gift must be made with a view to the donor's present illness or peril²².
10.The gift was made subject to certain conditions imposed on the recipient.
赠与
一个有钱的太太向受难者捐赠了100美元.
赠与是一方不考虑任何对价或补偿而现实的转移财产所有权予另一方.
不具体写明子女姓名,只写出赠与"我的子女"之赠与是概括赠与.
赠与人的行为能力是"赠与"的一个重要前提.
就赠与而言,赠物本身要交付给受赠人.
根据赠与税规定,只有完全赠与才应纳税.
交纳赠与税的义务在赠与人而非受赠人.
该赠与应交纳联邦统一转让税.
该赠与必须是在赠与人目前生病或遇到危险时作出.
此赠与附有受赠人必须遵守的某些条件.
Part 55 Debt
1.A debtor²³ is a person or an entity²⁴ that is the subject of a bankruptcy²⁵ action.
2.He is primarily liable for his debts.
3.He was imprisoned²⁶ for debt.
4.If no payment of the debt is made,the party may be sued.
5.The balance sheet shows the corporation's assets and liabilities.
6.The captain will not be responsible for any debts contracted by the crew.
7.The company collects debts for other companies for a commission.
8.The company had to borrow heavily to repay its debts.
9.The firm stopped trading with debts of over $1 million.
10.The judgment²⁷ debtor was given fourteen days in which to show cause why the charging order shoud not be made absolute.
债务
破产债务人是指作为破产诉讼主体的一个人或一实体.
他对债务负有主要责任.
他因债务而入狱.
如不偿俩,该当事人可能会被起诉.
资产负债表说明了公司的资产和债务情况.
船长不得对船员所欠的任何债务负责.
该公司为其他公司讨债以收取佣金.
该公司只能大量供货以偿还债务.
企业因负债100万美元而停止贸易.
给判定债务人14天的时间以证明债权人提出的扣押偿债令申请不能成立之理由.
 

1 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

2 revoke   

v.废除，取消，撤回

参考例句：

• The university may revoke my diploma.大学可能吊销我的毕业证书。
• The government revoked her husband's license to operate migrant labor crews.政府撤销了她丈夫管理外来打工人群的许可证。

3 testament   

n.遗嘱；证明

参考例句：

• This is his last will and testament.这是他的遗愿和遗嘱。
• It is a testament to the power of political mythology.这说明，编造政治神话可以产生多大的威力。

4 dispositions   

安排( disposition的名词复数 )； 倾向； （财产、金钱的）处置； 气质

参考例句：

• We got out some information about the enemy's dispositions from the captured enemy officer. 我们从捕获的敌军官那里问出一些有关敌军部署的情况。
• Elasticity, solubility, inflammability are paradigm cases of dispositions in natural objects. 伸缩性、可缩性、易燃性是天然物体倾向性的范例。

5 statute   

n.成文法，法令，法规；章程，规则，条例

参考例句：

• Protection for the consumer is laid down by statute.保障消费者利益已在法令里作了规定。
• The next section will consider this environmental statute in detail.下一部分将详细论述环境法令的问题。

6 defendant   

n.被告；adj.处于被告地位的

参考例句：

• The judge rejected a bribe from the defendant's family.法官拒收被告家属的贿赂。
• The defendant was borne down by the weight of evidence.有力的证据使被告认输了。

7 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

8 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

9 justification   

n.正当的理由；辩解的理由

参考例句：

• There's no justification for dividing the company into smaller units. 没有理由把公司划分成小单位。
• In the young there is a justification for this feeling. 在年轻人中有这种感觉是有理由的。

10 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。

11 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

12 justifiable   

adj.有理由的，无可非议的

参考例句：

• What he has done is hardly justifiable.他的所作所为说不过去。
• Justifiable defense is the act being exempted from crimes.正当防卫不属于犯罪行为。

13 proceedings   

n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报

参考例句：

• He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
• to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼

14 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

15 jointly   

ad.联合地，共同地

参考例句：

• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
• She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

16 infringe   

v.违反，触犯，侵害

参考例句：

• The jury ruled that he had infringed no rules.陪审团裁决他没有违反任何规定。
• He occasionally infringe the law by parking near a junction.他因偶尔将车停放在交叉口附近而违反规定。

17 tenants   

n.房客( tenant的名词复数 )；佃户；占用者；占有者

参考例句：

• A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent. 许多房客因不付房租被赶了出来。
• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。

18 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

19 requisites   

n.必要的事物( requisite的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• It is obvious that there are two requisites. 显然有两个必要部分。 来自辞典例句
• Capacity of donor is one of the essential requisites of \"gift\". 赠与人的行为能力是\"赠与\"的一个重要前提。 来自口语例句

20 recipient   

a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器

参考例句：

• Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
• Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。

21 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

22 peril   

n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物

参考例句：

• The refugees were in peril of death from hunger.难民有饿死的危险。
• The embankment is in great peril.河堤岌岌可危。

23 debtor   

n.借方，债务人

参考例句：

• He crowded the debtor for payment.他催逼负债人还债。
• The court granted me a lien on my debtor's property.法庭授予我对我债务人财产的留置权。

24 entity   

n.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物

参考例句：

• The country is no longer one political entity.这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。
• As a separate legal entity,the corporation must pay taxes.作为一个独立的法律实体，公司必须纳税。

25 bankruptcy   

n.破产；无偿付能力

参考例句：

• You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产，就必须节省开支。
• His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。

26 imprisoned   

下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。
• They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

27 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。