美国文化脱口秀 第347期:美国的南北差异

 从东北、到南方、到内陆、到西岸，美国不同的州和人都有什么特色？今天的节目告诉你。

关键词：

美国人心目中50个州的特色

The different states and their distinguishing characteristics: 美国各大州和它们的特点

There is a lot of regional stereotypes¹ and lables in the US when it comes to characterizing each state: 说到不同的州，美国也有很多地域偏见、标签

There are 50 states in the United States of America: 美国一共有50个州

Alaska and Hawaii were the last two states to join the union: 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最晚进入的州

The lower 48 states exclude Alaska and Hawaii since they're not connected to the rest of America: 美国人常叫其它的48个州“The lower 48 states", 指的就是除去阿拉斯加和夏威夷

东北部州：历史、高贵、龙虾

The East Coast: 东岸

Some of the bigger states include New York, Pennsylvannia, Maine, Massachusetts: 比较大的州包括纽约、宾夕法尼亚州、缅因州、马萨诸塞州

Philadelphia is Pennsylvannia's biggest city: 费城是宾夕法尼亚州最大的城市

Maine is known for their lobsters²: 缅因州最出名的就是龙虾

They played a huge role in America's founding history as some of the first few colonies: 这些州都是美国历史中最早的几个殖民州

Colonies: 殖民地

They later also became some of the 13 founding states: 他们后来也成为了13个建国州的一份子

南方：爱上帝、枪多、礼貌

Southern states: 南部州

Southern state Americans are stereotyped³ as God-fearing, gun-loving people: 在美国，对南方人的偏见是敬畏上帝、爱枪

Bible Belt states: 圣经地带

Southern states tend to be very religious: 南方人很多都非常虔诚

Conservative: 保守

There's a lot of dichotomy in the South: 南方也很矛盾

They're God-fearing, but a lot of them support gun ownership and capital punishment: 虽然他们爱上帝、不是应该爱和平吗？但很多人都有枪、支持死刑

People from more liberal states such as California and New York make fun of southern states and imply that they're stupid: 比较激进自由的州，比如加州、纽约人常看不起南方人，觉得他们傻

They've been the butt⁴ of many jokes for a long time: 南方人在美国一直被开玩笑

Butt of a joke: 笑柄

Despite these stereotypes, they are famous for their southern hospitality: 虽然有这么多对南方的歧视，但南方人的礼仪在美国是出名的

美国的南北差异

美国人也很陌生的一串州

The lesser⁵ known states are basically the Midwest states: 中西部的很多州不太知名，比如：

Wyoming: 怀俄明

Nebraska: 内布拉斯加州

North Dakota: 北达科他州

South Dakota: 南达科他州

No one knows what they are because there's not much out there: 他们不太出名，因为没有什么特色

Illinois is known for Chicago and fields of corn: 伊利诺伊州最有名的是芝加哥、还有玉米地

Arkansas is known for Walmart: 阿肯色州最有名的是沃尔玛

The "s" at the end of Arkansas is not pronounced: 注意发音，Arkansas是"Arkansal"

These states are also called "flyover⁶ states" since most people just fly over them: 美国人把这些州叫“flyover states", 就是飞机飞过去就够了，不用专门停留

德州：狂野、彪悍、自成一格

Texas is a really big state, and Texans like to think they should be a separate country: 德州非常大，很多德州人常觉得自己就应该是一个国家

There's famous saying "Don't mess with Texas": 美国有句话，“不要惹德州人”

Valiant⁷: 彪悍

Cowboy: 牛仔

They have a lot of pride in their history: 他们对自己州的历史特别自豪

Texans tend to be very patriotic⁸ and have a strong sense of identity: 德州人的自豪感和对自己州的身份认同感都很强

More liberal states see Texans as moronic⁹: 比较自由左派的州可能看不起德州

But many conservative states think people from liberal states like California and New York are full of themselves: 但是保守州的人觉得激进州，如加州、纽约的人都很自大、自我感觉太好

加州：自由激进、自我感觉好

The West Coast: 西岸

California: 加州

Hippie revolution: 嬉皮革命

Gay rights: 同性恋权益

程序猿的天堂

Silicon¹⁰ Valley: 硅谷

Tech nerds: 技术男、程序猿

You see many programmers love to wear hoodies, jeans and sneakers: 程序员的标配是连帽衣、牛仔裤、球鞋

还有很多美女

You see a lot of women with cosmetic¹¹ surgery, breast implants¹² in California wanting to bcome a celebrity¹³: 加州有很多女生整容、隆胸，想做明星

People from states like California and New York aren't viewed positively¹⁴ by other Americans because they have a high sense of self-importance: 美国其它州的人觉得加州、纽约的人自大、矫情

They feel superior and look down on everyone else: 他们老觉得自己很优越，看不起别人

俄勒冈：年轻人去退休的州

Oregon: 俄勒冈州

The comedy show "Portlandia" has a lot of truth to it: 有个喜剧"Portlandia", 里面对波特兰人的刻画很到位

Portland is also referred to as the unemployment capital of America: 波特兰也被叫做美国的失业首都

Treehuggers: 环保、热爱大自然的人

Americans say Oregon is where the young go to retire: 美国人说俄勒冈州是年轻人去退休的地方

Portland is also famous for grunge: 波特兰也是grunge音乐的发源地

Nirvana was probably one of the biggest grunge bands: 涅槃是最有名的grunge乐队

We've covered a lot of states today, but there're 50 states. One show isn't nearly enough for this topic: 我们今天说了好多州，但是一集节目根本没法讲50个州

1 stereotypes   

n.老套，模式化的见解，有老一套固定想法的人( stereotype的名词复数 )v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
• It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 lobsters   

龙虾( lobster的名词复数 )； 龙虾肉

参考例句：

• I have no idea about how to prepare those cuttlefish and lobsters. 我对如何烹调那些乌贼和龙虾毫无概念。
• She sold me a couple of live lobsters. 她卖了几只活龙虾给我。

3 stereotyped   

adj.(指形象、思想、人物等)模式化的

参考例句：

• There is a sameness about all these tales. They're so stereotyped -- all about talented scholars and lovely ladies. 这些书就是一套子，左不过是些才子佳人，最没趣儿。
• He is the stereotyped monster of the horror films and the adventure books, and an obvious (though not perhaps strictly scientific) link with our ancestral past. 它们是恐怖电影和惊险小说中的老一套的怪物，并且与我们的祖先有着明显的（虽然可能没有科学的）联系。

4 butt   

n.笑柄；烟蒂；枪托；臀部；v.用头撞或顶

参考例句：

• The water butt catches the overflow from this pipe.大水桶盛接管子里流出的东西。
• He was the butt of their jokes.他是他们的笑柄。

5 lesser   

adj.次要的，较小的；adv.较小地，较少地

参考例句：

• Kept some of the lesser players out.不让那些次要的球员参加联赛。
• She has also been affected,but to a lesser degree.她也受到波及，但程度较轻。

6 flyover   

n.立交桥，天桥

参考例句：

• It took workers more than one year to build this flyover.建造这座立交桥破费工人一年多时间。
• All that came to his bakery should go over a flyover first.所有来他店的人都必须先经过一座立交桥。

7 valiant   

adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人

参考例句：

• He had the fame of being very valiant.他的勇敢是出名的。
• Despite valiant efforts by the finance minister,inflation rose to 36%.尽管财政部部长采取了一系列果决措施，通货膨胀率还是涨到了36%。

8 patriotic   

adj.爱国的，有爱国心的

参考例句：

• His speech was full of patriotic sentiments.他的演说充满了爱国之情。
• The old man is a patriotic overseas Chinese.这位老人是一位爱国华侨。

9 moronic   

a.低能的

参考例句：

• He came down here to find investors for that moronic club of his. 他来这里给他那个白痴俱乐部找投资人。
• My best friend is so moronic sometimes. Yesterday he ran my foot over with his car! 有时候我最好的朋友可真是个二百五（十三点）。昨天他居然用他的车来压我的脚！

10 silicon   

n.硅(旧名矽)

参考例句：

• This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
• A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。

11 cosmetic   

n.化妆品；adj.化妆用的；装门面的；装饰性的

参考例句：

• These changes are purely cosmetic.这些改变纯粹是装饰门面。
• Laughter is the best cosmetic,so grin and wear it!微笑是最好的化妆品，所以请尽情微笑吧！

12 implants   

n.（植入身体中的）移植物( implant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Hormone implants are used as growth boosters. 激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Perhaps the most far-reaching project is an initiative called Living Implants From Engineering (LIFE). 也许最具深远意义的项目，是刚刚启动的建造活体移植工程 (LIFE)。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 医学的第四次革命

13 celebrity   

n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望

参考例句：

• Tom found himself something of a celebrity. 汤姆意识到自己已小有名气了。
• He haunted famous men, hoping to get celebrity for himself. 他常和名人在一起, 希望借此使自己获得名气。

14 positively   

adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实

参考例句：

• She was positively glowing with happiness.她满脸幸福。
• The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。