PBS高端访谈:土耳其坦克开进叙利亚清剿ISIS

 　　HARI SREENIVASAN, PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND ANCHOR: Today, Turkey again deployed¹ tanks inside Syria to target positions held by Islamic State militants². Twenty Turkish tanks backed by artillery³ entered northern Syria, about 35 miles from where Turkish forces first crossed into the country ten days ago. Turkey says its military has no plans to stay in Syria, but aims to protect its border from ISIS, and separatist Kurdish militias⁴.

　　The incursion comes on the eve of a bilateral⁵ meeting between President Obama and Turkey's president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in China.

　　I'm joined now by Turkey's deputy prime minister, Numan Kurtulmus, who is on a U.S. visit and is in Chicago.

　　Thanks for joining us.

　　First of all, there's going to be a bilateral meeting on the sidelines of the G20 between President Obama and President Erdogan. Well, what are you expecting from this meeting?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS, TURKEY'S DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER: We expect it will be very positive conversation between two presidents. So, especially focus on bilateral relations with Turkey and the United States, and also the common interests of both countries, and the Middle Eastern region, especially in fighting with the terrorist organization, including I.S. and PKK.

　　Our expectation is this meeting will have positive effects on the future of the Turkish-American relations.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Will your president be asking our president to extradite Fethullah Gulen?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: Of course. Of course, our intention is very clear that Fethullah Gulen is the leader of the terrorist group who tried to make a coup⁶ attempt in 15th of July in Turkey. It was a bloody⁷ attempt, unfair coup d'etat attempt. So, he has links with the group who intended to change democratically elected government and the president of Turkey.

　　So, our major expectation is to either extradite Gulen to Turkey or to detain him here until the court will answer here in the United States.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Your government has sent multiple dossiers to the U.S. intelligence community. The U.S. citizens don't know what it is. What's evidence do you have that connects Gulen to the failed coup attempt. Why do you think he did it and he orchestrated it?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: It is a group of people who have a very clear can connection with Gulen, and also the Gulenist movement in general. So, there are so many military personnel on the file. They have clear connections with Gulen, and the movement of — himself.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Does Turkey think that the United States played a part in the coup attempt?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: No, actually, it is not our official view. Some people on the newspaper, Turkish newspaper, made such a kind of decisions, but it is not our official view. We still continue having a good relations with the United States. So, we don't see any clear evidence that some of the authorities of United States is behind the coup d'etat attempt in Turkey.

　　土耳其坦克开进叙利亚清剿ISIS

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: You know, your president has called Fethullah Gulen's influence a virus and after the coup, the government has had a very, very strong crackdown. You've fired some 80,000 civil servants, thousands of people, including judges and prosecutors⁸ have been jailed.

　　So many people have been jailed that you have to make room for them releasing some of the criminals. And you've had a crackdown on the media.

　　How do you know that all of these people are guilty if they haven't had trials?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: No, not all of these people are guilty. They're under investigation⁹. The investigations¹⁰ are still going on.

　　So, actually, it is a very huge conflict between the Turkish state, and the group of Gulenist movement. So, they hide themselves during the last 40 years inside the state hierarchy¹¹. They are in very strategically important position in the civil service. So, we have to clean up our state services from those people who are criminals or they help the criminal people in creating a coup d'etat attempt in 15th of July.

　　So, those files are under investigations. They found none of the people guilty yet, but the court cases are still going on and also investigations for the public service servants are still continuing. So, we will wait and see the end of the– the result of the cases, every individual cases after the evaluation¹³ by legal authorities.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN:One of the things that the Turkish government has been interested in just in the past month has been trying to reinstate the death penalty, and that's something the European Union says is a red line.

　　So, which would Turkey prefer, the death penalty or membership into the E.U.?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: Actually, it is not official case. Now, people demanded on treason in the squares (ph) in the march against the coup d'etat attempt. They are demanding that penalty. It is not on the agenda of the existing democratically elected government.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: OK. Finally, let me ask you a little bit about the Kurds. I don't claim to know all about Kurdish politics, but the top priority for the United States in Syria is to fight the Islamic State. In that fight, the U.S. has Kurdish forces in allies that we are arming in that fight.

　　The day that Vice¹² President Biden came to Turkey to meet with your president, Turkish tanks went into Syria and they attacked Kurdish troops that the U.S. supports.

　　So, if you're an enemy of our ally, are you our ally?

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: Well, actually, it is not the Kurdish troop. We have to make it correct. So, this is a group of terrorist organizations named PYD or YPG. So, we are not against the Kurds in the northern part of the Syrian territories. The Kurds are the native people of those — this region, and also in the meantime, Arabs and the Turkmens are the original people of the region.

　　Our position is that we are against having one party region in the northern territories of Syria. So, that's why if YPG or PYD makes it more than 911 kilometers length of territory, as PYD territory, it is not acceptable from Turkey.

　　So, we are OK for the existence of the Kurds in the region. But all other people, Arabs, Kurd, Turks and others must live there for long.

　　So, we are against the terrorist activities of PYD. As you know, PYD also has very strong connections with PKK, which is a clear terrorist organization, and also PKK is accepted by the Western countries as one of the major terrorist organizations in the region.

　　So Turkey is fighting with PKK. PYD and YPG are providing logistics for PKK inside Turkey. That's why it is also again unacceptable for Turkey, the activities of PYD and YPG in the region.

　　So, as a strategic alliance, and as partner of the United States under the umbrella of NATO, we are fighting against internationally organized terrorist organizations, including Daesh, or I.S. — whatever you call it — and also PYD is a branch of PKK, which is one of the major threats to Turkey as a terrorist organization.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmus, thank you for joining us.

　　NUMAN KURTULMUS: I thank you so much.

1 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

2 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

3 artillery   

n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队)

参考例句：

• This is a heavy artillery piece.这是一门重炮。
• The artillery has more firepower than the infantry.炮兵火力比步兵大。

4 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

5 bilateral   

adj.双方的，两边的，两侧的

参考例句：

• They have been negotiating a bilateral trade deal.他们一直在商谈一项双边贸易协定。
• There was a wide gap between the views of the two statesmen on the bilateral cooperation.对双方合作的问题，两位政治家各自所持的看法差距甚大。

6 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

7 bloody   

adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染

参考例句：

• He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
• He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。

8 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

9 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

10 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

11 hierarchy   

n.等级制度；统治集团，领导层

参考例句：

• There is a rigid hierarchy of power in that country.那个国家有一套严密的权力等级制度。
• She's high up in the management hierarchy.她在管理阶层中地位很高。

12 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

13 evaluation   

n.估价，评价；赋值

参考例句：

• I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
• The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。