美国国家公共电台 NPR 墨西哥迎来血腥中期选举 数十名候选人被杀

Mexican voters are heading to the polls this Sunday in what's expected to be the biggest election the country has ever held,

墨西哥选民将于本周日前往投票站投票，预计这将成为墨西哥有史以来规模最大的一次选举，

with more people on the ballot¹ than ever before.

投票人数将超过以往任何时候。

It's also becoming one of the bloodiest² elections in Mexico. To date, 35 candidates have been killed.

这也将成为墨西哥最血腥的选举之一。迄今为止，已有35名候选人遇害。

The president is not on the ballot for these midterm elections,

总统不在这些中期选举的选票上，

but the vote is viewed as a referendum on his rule and whether his party can hold on to its supermajority needed to push through more of his populist plans.

但这次投票被视为对其统治及其政党能否保持绝对优势的全民公投，而这种优势正是推进他更多民粹主义计划所需要的。

NPR's Mexico correspondent Carrie Kahn is with us now. Hi, Carrie.

NPR新闻驻墨西哥记者嘉莉·卡恩将和我们连线。你好，嘉莉。

Hi, Ari.

你好，阿里。

So as we said, these are the biggest elections ever held in Mexico.

我们刚才提到，这是墨西哥有史以来规模最大的一次选举。

What is up for grabs this Sunday? What's at stake? And is the country prepared for it?

本周日有哪些职务可供竞选？有何利害关系？墨西哥做好准备了吗？

There are a lot of races. The biggest prize — probably the 15 governorships. There's a race in almost half of all states.

存在很多竞争。最重要的职务可能是15个州的州长之位。墨西哥几乎一半的州都会参加竞选。

Every single seat in the lower House of the Congress is up for grabs and thousands of mayoral seats and state legislative³ posts.

议会下议院的每一个席位以及数千名市长和立法职务都将公开竞选。

Mexico's independent electoral institution says it is prepared for this huge election, but violence might get in the way and keep voters away.

墨西哥独立选举机构表示，他们已为这次大规模选举做好了准备，但暴力事件可能会妨碍选举，使选民无法投票。

Yeah, the scale of violence is staggering — more than 30 candidates killed. What's behind this?

好，暴力事件的规模相当惊人——有超过30名候选人遇害。背后的原因为何？

The quick answer — organized crime gangs, cartels. They're growing in numbers and infiltrating⁴ more into politics.

简单来说，这是有组织的犯罪团伙，即卡特尔所为。这些团伙的成员人数在不断增加，同时越来越多地渗透到政治中去。

Falko Ernst is a Mexico City-based analyst⁵ with the International Crisis Group, and he says politics and crime have long been intertwined in Mexico.

法尔科·恩斯特是国际危机组织驻墨西哥城的分析师，他表示，政治和犯罪在墨西哥长期交织在一起。

The difference now is that you have a greater amount of criminal actors out there all trying to push into the state,

目前的不同之处在于，试图进入政府的犯罪分子越来越多，

which provides a lot of points of friction⁶, which explains why the competition over the state has become so overtly⁷ ferocious⁸ these days.

这提供了很多摩擦点，这就解释了为何目前政府职务的竞争变得如此激烈。

By most counts, there are now more than 200 crime gangs operating in Mexico. It's staggering.

根据大多数统计，目前墨西哥有200多个犯罪团伙在活动。这一数字相当惊人。

And the crime gangs want their candidates in power so they can control police forces and institutions.

犯罪团伙希望他们的候选人掌权，这样他们就能控制警察部队和机构。

But also, we're seeing politicians use crime gangs to fund campaigns

但同时，我们也看到政治家在利用犯罪团伙为竞选活动提供资金，

so they can get themselves in power and manipulate local contracting and help friends and family.

使自已得以掌权，操纵地方合同，帮助朋友和家人。

The other thing is now that there's a lot of new parties on the ballot this year —

另一件事是，今年有很多新政党参加竞选，

so we have more political parties, more politicians and more criminal gangs.

这意味着政党、政治家和犯罪团伙都在增加。

I know you just got back from the state of Guanajuato where there's been a lot of violence, including a mayoral candidate who was killed in the middle of a rally.

我知道你刚从瓜纳华托州回来，那里发生了很多暴力事件，包括一名市长候选人在集会中被杀。

What did authorities there say about it?

有关部门对此有何表态？

Just yesterday, they announced they arrested one man in the case, but they didn't give a motive⁹ or give any more details.

就在昨天，他们宣布逮捕了一名与此案有关的男子，但他们没有透露动机，也没有透露更多细节。

That candidate was gunned down at this rally in the town of Moroleon, Guanajuato, and she's running in a small party and rising in the polls.

这名市长候选人在瓜纳华托州莫罗利昂镇的集会上被枪杀，她参加了一个小党派的竞选，在民调中的支持率一直在上升。

And that party is not the party that runs the city now.

她所在政党并不是目前管理这座城市的政党。

And that's what we're seeing in a majority of candidates killed in this election cycle — is that they've been the opposition¹⁰ to the party in power.

这就是我们在这次选举中被杀的大多数候选人身上看到的——他们一直是执政党的反对派。

Her daughter, Denisse Barragan, spoke¹¹ with me. She's now taking her mom's place as the candidate for mayor.

这名候选人的女儿丹尼斯·巴拉根接受了我的采访。她现在接替她母亲成为市长候选人。

She says she's scared, but she wants to fulfill¹² her mom's pledge to help the people of Moroleon.

她说她很害怕，但她想履行她妈妈的承诺，帮助莫罗里奥的人民。

Look — there's a lot of money in that town. The state has been besieged¹³ by violence of late.

你看，那座城镇有很多钱。该城镇所在州最近被暴力围攻。

Two powerful cartels are vying¹⁴ for power and territory there.

两个强大的卡特尔集团正在争夺那里的权力和领土。

Authorities leaked information and said that the son of the candidate was a leader of one of those cartels. He denies the claims.

有关部门透露消息称，这名候选人的儿子是其中一个卡特尔集团的头目。他否认了这些说法。

So I can't tell you clearly what's happening, but there's a lot of money, power and violence in these disputes.

我不能清楚地告诉你发生了什么，但这些纠纷中涉及大量金钱、权力和暴力。

But what is clear is that democracy is a huge casualty of all three.

但显而易见的是，民主是这三者的巨大牺牲品。

And although the president's not on the ballot, what's at stake for him and his agenda?

虽然总统不在选票上，但这次选举令他及其议程面临哪些风险？

A lot, really. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is at the halfway¹⁵ mark of his six-year term.

很多。安德烈斯·曼努埃尔·洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔目前六年任期已过半。

He's been a very polarizing politician there. He has great support among the poor. His polling numbers are around 60%.

他在墨西哥是个两极分化的政治家。他得到了穷人的大力支持。他的民调支持率在60%左右。

But this midterm election is really seen as a referendum on his rule.

但这次中期选举实际上被视为对其统治的全民公投。

He came into office pledging to put the poor first and reverse a lot of the free-market policies that he says have ruined Mexico.

他上任时承诺要将穷人放在首位，并扭转多项他称之为摧毁了墨西哥的自由市场政策。

And so we'll have to see how he does. So far, polls are showing he might hold on to his supermajority in the Congress.

因此，我们要观察一下他如何行事。到目前为止，民意调查显示，他可能会保住在议会的绝对多数席位。

That's NPR's Carrie Kahn. Thanks a lot.

以上是NPR新闻的嘉莉·卡恩带来的报道。非常感谢。

You're welcome.

不客气。

1 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

2 bloodiest   

adj.血污的( bloody的最高级 )；流血的；屠杀的；残忍的

参考例句：

• The Russians were going to suffer their bloodiest defeat of all before Berlin. 俄国人在柏林城下要遭到他们的最惨重的失败。 来自辞典例句
• It was perhaps the bloodiest hour in the history of warfare. 这也许是战争史上血腥味最浓的1个小时。 来自互联网

3 legislative   

n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的

参考例句：

• Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。
• Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。

4 infiltrating   

v.（使）渗透，（指思想）渗入人的心中( infiltrate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Be vigilant against the danger of enemy agents infiltrating the government and boring from within. 要警惕敌特渗入政府内部进行暗中破坏。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The metastatic melanoma is seen here to be infiltrating into the myocardium. 图示转移性黑色素瘤浸润到心肌。 来自互联网

5 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

6 friction   

n.摩擦，摩擦力

参考例句：

• When Joan returned to work,the friction between them increased.琼回来工作后，他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
• Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop.摩擦力作用于运动着的物体，并使其停止。

7 overtly   

ad.公开地

参考例句：

• There were some overtly erotic scenes in the film. 影片中有一些公开色情场面。
• Nietzsche rejected God's law and wrote some overtly blasphemous things. 尼采拒绝上帝的律法，并且写了一些渎神的作品。

8 ferocious   

adj.凶猛的，残暴的，极度的，十分强烈的

参考例句：

• The ferocious winds seemed about to tear the ship to pieces.狂风仿佛要把船撕成碎片似的。
• The ferocious panther is chasing a rabbit.那只凶猛的豹子正追赶一只兔子。

9 motive   

n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的

参考例句：

• The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
• He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

11 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

12 fulfill   

vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意

参考例句：

• If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了，你就要履行你的诺言。
• This company should be able to fulfill our requirements.这家公司应该能够满足我们的要求。

13 besieged   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Paris was besieged for four months and forced to surrender. 巴黎被围困了四个月后被迫投降。
• The community besieged the newspaper with letters about its recent editorial. 公众纷纷来信对报社新近发表的社论提出诘问，弄得报社应接不暇。

14 vying   

adj.竞争的；比赛的

参考例句：

• California is vying with other states to capture a piece of the growing communications market.为了在日渐扩大的通讯市场分得一杯羹，加利福尼亚正在和其他州展开竞争。
• Four rescue plans are vying to save the zoo.4个拯救动物园的方案正争得不可开交。

15 halfway   

adj.中途的，不彻底的，部分的；adv.半路地，在中途，在半途

参考例句：

• We had got only halfway when it began to get dark.走到半路，天就黑了。
• In study the worst danger is give up halfway.在学习上，最忌讳的是有始无终。