美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国务卿布林肯出席阿富汗问题听证会

Lawmakers had some tough questions today for Secretary of State Antony Blinken about the messy end of the U.S. combat mission in Afghanistan.

今天，议员就美国在阿富汗作战任务的混乱结局向美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯提出了一些棘手的问题。

This was an unmitigated disaster of epic¹ proportions. I never thought in my lifetime that I would see an unconditional² surrender to the Taliban.

这是一场史诗般的灾难。在我有生之年，我从未想过会看到无条件向塔利班投降。

That is Congressman³ Michael McCaul, the ranking Republican on the House Foreign Affairs Committee.

这是国会议员迈克尔·麦考尔所说，他是众议院外交事务委员会的资深共和党人。

He was among those questioning Secretary Blinken about the U.S. decision to leave, the scramble⁴ to evacuate⁵ as many people as possible and what to do now about those left behind.

他是向布林肯国务卿提问的人之一，议员询问的问题涉及美国的撤离决定，匆忙撤离尽可能多的人员以及现在该如何处理留在阿富汗的人。

NPR's Michele Kelemen has been listening in and joins us now from the State Department. Hey, Michele.

NPR的新闻米歇尔·克莱门一直在收听这场听证会，现在她将从国务院和我们连线。你好，米歇尔。

Hi there, Ailsa.

你好，艾尔莎。

Hi. OK, so McCaul kind of set the tone for the hearing, but we should say that Blinken — he heard concern from Democrats⁶ as well, right?

你好。好，麦考尔为听证会定下了基调，但我们应该说布林肯——他也听到了民主党人的担忧，对吧？

Like, can you just tell us a little bit about the criticism the Biden administration faced from both sides today?

比如，你能说说拜登政府今天面临的来自双方的批评吗？

Well, I think the two sides of the aisle⁷ can agree on one thing —

我认为双方可以在一件事上达成一致，

that there is a lot of concern about those who didn't make it to the Kabul airport last month and onto evacuation flights.

即人们非常担心上个月没能到达喀布尔机场、没能坐上撤离航班的人。

Members of Congress — Democrats and Republicans — have gotten really involved in those efforts

民主党和共和党国会议员已真正参与到这些努力中，

to help remaining Americans, green card holders⁸, Afghan interpreters, other Afghans at risk who are still trying to leave.

以帮助留在阿富汗的美国人、绿卡持有者、阿富汗口译员和其他仍试图离开的处于危险中的阿富汗人。

Now, Blinken is reassuring⁹ them that the U.S. has worked with Qatar and Turkey

现在，布林肯向他们保证，美国已与卡塔尔和土耳其展开合作，

and managed to get some Americans and green card holders on flights out of Kabul in recent days.

最近几天成功地让一些美国人和绿卡持有者登上了离开喀布尔的航班。

But charter flights have still not been able to leave the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif, and Blinken says the U.S. is pressing the Taliban to let those flights go.

但是包机仍无法离开阿富汗北部城市马扎里沙里夫，布林肯表示，美国正在向塔利班施压，要求他们放行这些航班。

But you know, he's shifted his position a lot on that, and there's been a lot of frustration¹⁰ on the Hill about, you know, why they're not moving more quickly to get those...

但是，他在这个问题上的立场改变了很多，国会山对他们为何没有更快采取行动感到非常不满。

Right...People out.

好。让人们离开。

Right. And how is Blinken defending the administration's record?

好。布林肯如何为政府的记录辩护？

Well, for one, he says the Biden administration inherited the deal that the Trump¹¹ administration made with the Taliban, including a withdrawal¹² timeline.

首先，他表示，拜登政府继承了特朗普政府与塔利班达成的协议，其中包括撤军时间表。

His quote today was, "We inherited a deadline. We did not inherit a plan."

他今天的原话是，“我们继承了一个最后期限。但我们没有继承一项计划。”

The other thing he's doing is, you know, he's arguing that the administration really thought it had more time to make a plan.

他提到的另一点是，他辩称政府原本认为有更多的时间来制定计划。

Just take a listen to what he had to say about the timeline today.

以下是他今天对时间表问题进行的回答。

Even the most pessimistic assessments¹³ did not predict that government forces in Kabul would collapse¹⁴ while U.S. forces remained.

即使是最悲观的评估也没有预测到喀布尔的政府军会在美军仍驻扎的情况下崩溃。

And nor did they think they would collapse in 11 days. You know, Blinken even thought that he'd be able to maintain an embassy in Kabul.

他们也没有想到阿富汗政府军会在11天内崩溃。布林肯甚至认为他能够在喀布尔维持一个大使馆。

He had reassured¹⁵ members of Congress earlier this year that the U.S. would stay engaged diplomatically in Afghanistan.

今年早些时候，他向国会议员保证，美国将继续在阿富汗进行外交活动。

But now that embassy is abandoned, and diplomats¹⁶ are working thousands of miles away in Doha.

但现在大使馆被遗弃，外交官在数千英里外的多哈工作。

And what did Blinken say about how the U.S. plans to deal with the Taliban now?

关于美国现在计划如何应对塔利班，布林肯是怎么说的？

Well, I mean, one of the big problems is that the interim¹⁷ government — and these were his words — it falls short — very short — of the mark that was set by the international community.

他表示，其中一个重要问题是阿富汗临时政府远未达到国际社会设定的标准。

The U.S. and others wanted a government that broadly represented the people of Afghanistan, not just the Taliban.

美国和其他国家希望建立一个能广泛代表阿富汗人民的政府，而不是仅有塔利班的政府。

Instead, the caretaker government is Taliban-only, and it has members with very challenging track records, as Blinken says.

相反，目前看守政府只有塔利班成员，正如布林肯所说，看守政府的成员有着非常具有挑战性的历史记录。

That includes people that are on U.S. sanctions lists.

其中包括位列美国制裁名单上的人员。

So what he's trying to do is keep the international community united on this front

因此，他试图让国际社会在这条战线上团结一致，

to make it clear to the Taliban that it won't gain international legitimacy¹⁸ unless they cut ties to terrorists, allow humanitarian¹⁹ aid and respect basic rights.

向塔利班表明，除非他们切断与恐怖分子的联系，允许人道主义援助并尊重基本权利，否则塔利班将无法获得国际合法性。

That is NPR's Michele Kelemen. Thank you, Michele.

以上是NPR新闻的米歇尔·克莱门带来的报道。谢谢你，米歇尔。

Thank you.

谢谢。

1 epic   

n.史诗，叙事诗；adj.史诗般的，壮丽的

参考例句：

• I gave up my epic and wrote this little tale instead.我放弃了写叙事诗，而写了这个小故事。
• They held a banquet of epic proportions.他们举行了盛大的宴会。

2 unconditional   

adj.无条件的，无限制的，绝对的

参考例句：

• The victorious army demanded unconditional surrender.胜方要求敌人无条件投降。
• My love for all my children is unconditional.我对自己所有孩子的爱都是无条件的。

3 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

4 scramble   

v.爬行，攀爬，杂乱蔓延，碎片，片段，废料

参考例句：

• He broke his leg in his scramble down the wall.他爬墙摔断了腿。
• It was a long scramble to the top of the hill.到山顶须要爬登一段长路。

5 evacuate   

v.遣送；搬空；抽出；排泄；大(小)便

参考例句：

• We must evacuate those soldiers at once!我们必须立即撤出这些士兵！
• They were planning to evacuate the seventy American officials still in the country.他们正计划转移仍滞留在该国的70名美国官员。

6 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 aisle   

n.（教堂、教室、戏院等里的）过道，通道

参考例句：

• The aisle was crammed with people.过道上挤满了人。
• The girl ushered me along the aisle to my seat.引座小姐带领我沿着通道到我的座位上去。

8 holders   

支持物( holder的名词复数 )； 持有者； （支票等）持有人； 支托（或握持）…之物

参考例句：

• Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。
• It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识，才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事，同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。

9 reassuring   

a.使人消除恐惧和疑虑的，使人放心的

参考例句：

• He gave her a reassuring pat on the shoulder. 他轻拍了一下她的肩膀让她放心。
• With a reassuring pat on her arm, he left. 他鼓励地拍了拍她的手臂就离开了。

10 frustration   

n.挫折，失败，失效，落空

参考例句：

• He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
• He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。

11 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

12 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

13 assessments   

n.评估( assessment的名词复数 )；评价；（应偿付金额的）估定；（为征税对财产所作的）估价

参考例句：

• He was shrewd in his personal assessments. 他总能对人作出精明的评价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Surveys show about two-thirds use such assessments, while half employ personality tests. 调查表明，约有三分之二的公司采用了这种测评；而一半的公司则采用工作人员个人品质测试。 来自百科语句

14 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

15 reassured   

adj.使消除疑虑的；使放心的v.再保证，恢复信心( reassure的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

• The captain's confidence during the storm reassured the passengers. 在风暴中船长的信念使旅客们恢复了信心。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• The doctor reassured the old lady. 医生叫那位老妇人放心。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

18 legitimacy   

n.合法，正当

参考例句：

• The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
• Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。

19 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。