美国国家公共电台 NPR 国会山听证会 脸书前员工爆黑料

It is about Facebook choosing to grow at all costs, becoming an almost trillion-dollar company by buying its profits with our safety.

Facebook选择不惜一切代价进行发展，通过以我们的安全换取利润，成为一家价值近万亿美元的公司。

You know, Steve, we've heard from Facebook critics before. What makes Haugen different is that she came armed with inside knowledge and this huge trove¹ of internal research, including troubling findings about things like how Instagram exacerbates² problems like depression and eating disorders³ for some teens.

你知道，史蒂夫，我们之前也从Facebook的批评者那里听说过。豪根的不同之处在于，她拥有内部知识和庞大的内部研究宝库，包括一些令人不安的发现，比如Instagram如何加剧一些青少年的抑郁和饮食失调等问题。

And then she used these documents to make the case it's time to regulate Facebook as a matter of public safety. She compared it to Big Tobacco, which is something the senators really leapt on.

然后她利用这些文件证明，出于公共安全考虑，是时候对Facebook进行监管了。她将其与大烟草公司进行了比较，这是参议员们真正关注的问题。

So on a day-to-day basis, what causes these bad decisions inside the company as she would see them?

那么在日常工作中，是什么导致了她所看到的公司内部的这些错误决策？

Well, Haugen really focused in on Facebook's engagement-based algorithms. That's her area of expertise⁴. You know, the way this works on Facebook and Instagram, if a post gets comments, likes, other interactions, it's spread more widely; it's featured more prominently.

嗯，豪根真正关注的是Facebook基于用户粘性的算法。那是她的专长。你知道，Facebook和Instagram上是这样的运作方式，如果一个帖子得到了评论、点赞和其他互动，它就会传播得更广泛; 它的地位就更重要了。

The idea is that will keep people interested in using the apps. But Haugen cited Facebook's own research showing that focusing on engagement also amps up the most sensational⁵ and extreme posts.

这个想法是为了让人们对使用这些应用程序保持兴趣。但豪根引用了Facebook自己的研究，表明关注用户粘性也会放大最耸人听闻和极端的帖子。

So for example, people looking for healthy recipes might start seeing posts encouraging anorexia⁶. She says this is even fueling ethnic⁷ violence around the world. And Haugen says Facebook needs to be pressured to fix this.

例如，寻找健康食谱的人可能会开始看到鼓励厌食症的帖子。她认为，这甚至加剧了世界各地的种族暴力。豪根表示，Facebook需要受住压力来解决这个问题。

They have 100% control over their algorithms, and Facebook should not get a free pass on choices it makes to prioritize growth and virality and reactiveness over public safety.

他们对自己的算法有100%的控制权，Facebook将增长、病毒式传播和活跃度置于公共安全之上的选择也不应该得到免费通行证。

OK. So she's talking about regulation. Senators are talking about regulation. Facebook executives said the other day they've been in favor of regulation for quite some time. What might action from Congress actually look like, though?

好的。她谈论的是监管。参议员们讨论的是监管。Facebook高管前几天表示，他们长期以来一直支持监管。然而，国会的实际行动会是什么样子呢?

Well, senators asked Haugen what they should do. And she says, you know, they should focus in on these algorithms and holding the company responsible for their impacts.

嗯，参议员问豪根他们应该怎么做。她说，你知道，他们应该专注于这些算法，让公司对它们的影响负责。

She also says they should demand more transparency from the company, create a dedicated⁸ agency to oversee⁹ Big Tech. And we did hear lawmakers on both sides united in talking about some of this, including strengthening existing privacy protections for kids. The question is, does any of this actually move forward?

她还表示，他们应该要求该公司提高透明度，创建一个专门的机构来监督大型科技公司。我们确实听到两党议员在讨论一些问题时达成一致，包括加强儿童的现有隐私保护。问题是，这一切真的能向前推进吗?

How's Facebook responding?

Facebook是如何回应的?

Well, hours after the hearing, we finally heard from Mark Zuckerberg, who's not spoken about this publicly until now. In an email to staff also posted on his Facebook page, he said many of Haugen's claims didn't make sense.

听证会几小时后，我们终于听到了马克·扎克伯格的消息，他到目前为止还没有公开谈论此事。在他发给员工的一封邮件，同时也发布在Facebook页面上的邮件中，他说豪根的许多要求都没有道理。

He says he didn't recognize this, quote, "false picture" of the company being painted. And he repeated these calls for regulation. And I should say during the hearing, a spokesman was trying to play down Haugen's role, saying she didn't work directly on some of these issues.

他说他不能接受这种说法，（引用）公司被描绘成“虚假的画面”。他重申了进行监管的要求。我觉得，在听证会上，一位发言人试图淡化豪根的作用，说她没有直接参与其中一些问题。

1 trove   

n.被发现的东西，收藏的东西

参考例句：

• He assembled a rich trove of Chinese porcelain.他收集了一批中国瓷器。
• The gallery is a treasure trove of medieval art.这个画廊是中世纪艺术的宝库。

2 exacerbates   

n.使恶化，使加重( exacerbate的名词复数 )v.使恶化，使加重( exacerbate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Stripping the land in these ways allows faster surface runoff and exacerbates flooding. 这些做法终将使土地裸露、地表径流加快，从而加重了洪水的威胁。 来自辞典例句
• This policy exacerbates the gap between rich and poor. 这项政策加剧了贫富差距。 来自互联网

3 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 expertise   

n.专门知识(或技能等)，专长

参考例句：

• We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes.他斜坡滑雪的技能使我们赞叹不已。
• You really have the technical expertise in a new breakthrough.让你真正在专业技术上有一个全新的突破。

5 sensational   

adj.使人感动的，非常好的，轰动的，耸人听闻的

参考例句：

• Papers of this kind are full of sensational news reports.这类报纸满是耸人听闻的新闻报道。
• Their performance was sensational.他们的演出妙极了。

6 anorexia   

n.厌食症

参考例句：

• Anorexia can creep up on young girls when they least expect it.年轻女子可能在最没有防备的情況下患上厌食症。
• Anorexia is a common eating disorder.厌食是一种常见的饮食紊乱症。

7 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

8 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

9 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。