新闻周刊:改善俄罗斯形象的2018世界杯:伊斯兰国曾扬言恐袭(4)

One of the main risks: battle-hardened Russian jihadis with experience creating improvised¹ explosive devices who have returned home from Syria and Iraq.

主要的风险之一是：多次制造恐怖袭击的俄罗斯圣战分子有制造简易爆炸装置的经验，这些圣战分子已从叙利亚和伊拉克返回家园。

According to Russian security officials, around 4,000 Russian citizens, mainly from the country's North Caucasus region, which includes Chechnya, have fought alongside ISIS in the Middle East.

据俄罗斯安全官员称，主要来自包括车臣在内的北高加索地区约4000名俄罗斯公民，曾在中东与伊斯兰国一同为祸作乱。

Although Islamist attacks in Russia have their roots in the volatile² North Caucasus,

尽管伊斯兰国在俄罗斯的袭击起源于的动荡不安的北高加索地区，

fighters loyal to ISIS have the ability to strike far beyond the area.

但是效忠于伊斯兰国的武装分子有能力袭击北高加索以外的地区。

One World Cup host city at risk is Nizhny Novgorod, just 250 miles from Moscow.

世界杯举办城市下诺夫哥罗德就受此威胁，距离莫斯科仅250英里。

On May 4, an ISIS militant³ wounded three police officers during a shoot-out there.

5月4日，在下诺夫哥罗德，3名警员在枪战中被1名伊斯兰国武装分子所伤。

The jihadi fighter was killed by security services after barricading⁴ himself in an apartment just 9 miles from the stadium where nations such as Argentina, England and Sweden are due to play.

这名圣战分子在把自己堵在公寓里后被安保杀死了，这间公寓距离体育场仅9英里，而阿根廷、英格兰、和瑞典等国将要在这个体育场参加比赛。

In February and last November, Russian security forces also shot dead ISIS militants⁵ plotting attacks in the city.

在今年2月以及去年11月，俄罗斯安保部队还击毙了在下诺夫哥罗德策划袭击的伊斯兰国武装分子。

World Cup host cities in Russia's south are also at risk, says Grigory Shvedov, chief editor of the Caucasian Knot online news agency, which monitors Islamist militant activity in Russia.

俄罗斯南方的世界杯举办城市也遭受威胁，高加索焦点在线通讯社总编格利高里·什维多夫称，该通讯社一直在跟踪报道俄罗斯伊斯兰国武装分子活动。

Shvedov says recent ISIS attacks on Russian Orthodox Churches in the North Caucasus indicate that the jihadi group is gearing up to attack sensitive targets.

什维多夫称近期伊斯兰国在北高加索袭击俄罗斯东正教堂，此事表明圣战组织正在为攻击敏感目标做准备。

Volgograd, which borders the North Caucasus region, is a particular security concern.

伏尔加格勒与北高加索地区接壤，安全问题尤其引人担心。

Last November, two police officers were hospitalized with stab wounds after an ISIS-inspired assault in the southern Russian region,

去年11月，在俄罗斯南部地区，2名警员因伊斯兰国教唆的袭击事件受刀伤住院，

which will host matches involving Russia and Spain, as well as Saudi Arabia and Iran.

此地区将举办俄罗斯和西班牙、沙特阿拉伯和伊朗等国将参与的比赛。

Four years earlier, in December 2013, twin suicide bombings by Islamist militants killed 34 people in Volgograd.

四年前，正是2013年12月，伊斯兰武装分子在伏尔加格勒制造了两起自杀式爆炸事件，导致34人死亡。

Those attacks were carried out by the Caucasus Emirate, a now-defunct jihadi group whose former members have since sworn allegiance to ISIS.

这些袭击由高加索酋长国发动，高加索酋长国曾是一个圣战组织，废止后其成员发誓效忠于伊斯兰国。

1 improvised   

a.即席而作的,即兴的

参考例句：

• He improvised a song about the football team's victory. 他即席创作了一首足球队胜利之歌。
• We improvised a tent out of two blankets and some long poles. 我们用两条毛毯和几根长竿搭成一个临时帐蓬。

2 volatile   

adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质

参考例句：

• With the markets being so volatile,investments are at great risk.由于市场那么变化不定，投资冒着很大的风险。
• His character was weak and volatile.他这个人意志薄弱，喜怒无常。

3 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

4 barricading   

设路障于，以障碍物阻塞( barricade的现在分词 )； 设路障[防御工事]保卫或固守

参考例句：

• He was barricading himself against possibilities. 他严阵以待可能发生的事。
• As he had anticipated, a thundering iron gate fell nearby, barricading the entrance to the suite. 果然不出馆长所料，附近的一扇铁门轰然倒下，封住了通往画廊的入口。

5 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。