美国文化脱口秀 第275期:2015牛津年度十大新词

 今年牛津收录了哪些新单词？从emoji, 到lumbersexual, 快听节目学习这些热词吧。

The Oxford¹ Word of the Year: 牛津年度热词

It's just as important as text itself:它和文字一样重要

It's been around since the 90's: emoji这个词90年代就有了

The reason emoji was selected: emoji这个词当选的原因

Loanword/borrowed word:外来词（从外语输入本国语言的词）

The usage of emoji has gone up a lot this year: 表情符号本身的使用频率大幅增长

Selection committee: 评选委员会

They chose emoji because it has replaced the use of text itself: 他们选择emoji因为表情符号的使用已经开始取代文字本身

Happy face: 笑脸

Sad face:苦脸

Face with tears of joy: 泪中带笑的表情符号

Subtlety²: 精妙之处

Interpret: 解释、理解

2015牛津年度十大新词

除了emoji, 以下这些新词、热词也进入了牛津的榜单：

The Oxford Shortlist 其它上榜词汇

Lumbersexual (noun): a person who is sexy in a rugged³ lumberjack way. 伐木工性感范儿。形容不修边幅却性感的男人。

例句: Daniel Craig is a lumbersexual.

Rugged:不修边幅的

Metrosexual: 几年前的热词，形容爱打扮、精致的花样美男。

Lumberjack: 伐木工

Bushy beard: 大胡子

2. They (noun): describes a person of unspecified sex. 形容一个性别不容易分辨的人，看上去既像男的，又像女的。为了避免冒犯他/她，就可以用'they'来形容这个人。注意，这个词这里是形容单数、一个人。

例句: Is that a man or a woman? I don't know. It's a they.

3. Brexit (noun): Britain possiblly exits the European Union. 英国可能退出欧盟。

例句: Should Britian make a Brexit? 

4. Sharing economy (noun): an economic system in which assets or services are shared between individuals, either for free or for a fee, typically by means of the internet. 共享经济。

另外有个常用的类似概念：the Uberization of the economy (优步模式经济)

5. Refugee (noun): a person who is forced to leave their country to escape war, persecution⁴ or natural disasters 难民。

媒体常提refugee crisis: 难民危机

6. Ad blocker (noun): A piece of software that prevents advertisements from appearing on a web page. 广告过滤软件。

7. The dark web (noun): the part of the internet only accessible by a special piece of software. 暗网。

8. On fleek (adjective): extremely good, attractive or stylish⁵. 潮、有范儿。

例句: You're looking on fleek today.

1 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

2 subtlety   

n.微妙，敏锐，精巧；微妙之处，细微的区别

参考例句：

• He has shown enormous strength,great intelligence and great subtlety.他表现出充沛的精力、极大的智慧和高度的灵活性。
• The subtlety of his remarks was unnoticed by most of his audience.大多数听众都没有觉察到他讲话的微妙之处。

3 rugged   

adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的

参考例句：

• Football players must be rugged.足球运动员必须健壮。
• The Rocky Mountains have rugged mountains and roads.落基山脉有崇山峻岭和崎岖不平的道路。

4 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

5 stylish   

adj.流行的，时髦的；漂亮的，气派的

参考例句：

• He's a stylish dresser.他是个穿着很有格调的人。
• What stylish women are wearing in Paris will be worn by women all over the world.巴黎女性时装往往会引导世界时装潮流。