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援助叙利亚的组织面对艰巨挑战

Aid organizations are facing increasing challenges as the humanitarian¹ crisis in Syria worsens and millions of Syrians face hunger, disease and winter weather.

叙利亚人道主义危机恶化，数以百万计的叙利亚人遭受饥饿、疾病和冬天恶劣气候的威胁，援助组织面临与日俱增的挑战。请看美国之音记者比尔在华盛顿的报道。

Many Syrians continue to flee their country and the fierce fighting of its civil war.

大量叙利亚人继续逃离他们的国家和激烈的内战。

Many hold their children. Others bring only the belongings² they can carry on their backs.

有许多人抱着自己的孩子。其他人只带了他们能背在身上的东西。

Refugees like Muteea Talaa are desperate.

穆提亚·塔拉和其他难民们感到绝望。

"God helped me to reach this point. We were crying because of hunger, my grandsons were crying because there was no food, we suffered a lot and my disabled son has suffered a lot," said Talaa.

她说：“神助我走到这一步。我们哭，因为肚子饿，我的孙子哭，因为他们没有东西吃，我们受了很多苦，我的残疾儿子受了很多痛苦。”

Now, rebels say the government is dropping barrel bombs on heavily populated cities like Aleppo.

现在，反政府武装说，政府在阿勒颇等人口密集的城市投掷桶装炸弹。

The indiscriminate bombing is forcing more and more civilians³ to flee their homes, many ending up in makeshift camps in need of assistance.

这种狂轰滥炸迫使越来越多的平民逃离家园，许多人最后住进临时搭建的帐篷，急需外界援助。

Adnan Abdulrahman is one of them.

阿德南·阿卜杜拉曼是其中之一。

"I hope that we receive help to get toilet facilities, bathrooms, water. We don't have electricity either," said Abdulrahman.

他说：“我希望能有一些卫生设备、洗澡间和水。我们也没有电。”

One third of Syria’s pre-war population of 23 million has been displaced, with 2.3 million now refugees in other countries.

叙利亚战前的2千3百万人口已有3分之一流离失所，230万难民逃到其他国家。

Nancy Lindborg is in charge of humanitarian assistance at the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).

南希·林德伯格是美国国际开发署人道主义援助项目负责人。

“The Syria crisis is probably one of the most complicated and most difficult and certainly the largest that we are facing globally," said Lindborg.

她说：“叙利亚危机可能是我们在全球所面对的危机中，最复杂、最困难和最大的一个。”

The United Nations estimates that more than nine million people in Syria need humanitarian aid.

联合国估计，叙利亚有超过900万人需要人道主义援助。

The U.S. is the largest aid donor⁴. But because of intense fighting in and around some key cities, supplies cannot be delivered.

美国是最大的援助国。不过由于一些主要城市和周围的战斗激烈，物资无法送达那些地方。

Again, Nancy Lindborg: “There are about 250,000 people who are in cities that are under siege by the Syrian regime, and we cannot reach them with food, with winter supplies or with medical help," she said.

南希·林德伯格说：“大约有25万人住在遭叙利亚政权围困的城市里，我们没有办法将粮食、越冬物资或医疗协助送到他们那里。”

And now the weather has become an enemy. The first winter storm in the region pushed temperatures below zero.

现在，天气已成为一个敌人。这个地区的第一场冬季风暴使气温降到冰点以下。

Thousands of Syrians will spend the winter in tents, often with only a plastic sheet covering the ground.

成千上万叙利亚人将在帐篷里度过冬天，他们经常只有一张塑料片铺在地上。

Um Abdullha Najia and her family have been living in a small tent for months.

厄姆·那贾和她的家人已经在这个小帐篷里住了几个月。

"As you can see, seven people are living in this small tent. It is our kitchen, our bathroom, our showers, our living room, everything is inside this tent. But the situation is worse outside," said Najia.

她说：“你可以看到，有7个人住在这个小帐篷里。它是我们的厨房、厕所，洗澡间和客厅，所有东西都在这个帐篷里面。不过外面的情况更糟。”

And now, health officials are concerned about an outbreak of polio in Syria. They say a vaccination⁵ campaign is being hampered⁶ by the war.

现在卫生官员担心，叙利亚可能爆发小儿麻痹症。他们说，一个接种疫苗的运动正受到战争的妨碍。

Officials say the paralyzing disease underscores the type of humanitarian threats that emerge in conflict zones and there is fear it could become an epidemic⁷.

官员说，这个使人瘫痪的疾病凸显了冲突地区出现的人道主义威胁，人们担心小儿麻痹症可能蔓延开来。

“We are seeing development gains inside Syria being rolled back by 35 years, including the reemergence of these kinds of diseases," said Lindborg.

美国国际开发署的林德伯格说：“我们现在看到的是叙利亚国内的进步发展被倒退35年，包括这种疾病的再度出现。”

Lindborg says the humanitarian crisis in Syria and neighboring countries is getting worse with the onset⁸ of winter.

她说，随着冬天的来临，叙利亚和邻近国家的人道主义危机正在不断恶化。