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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Sharks aren't typically thought of as vegetarians1. Or even omnivores. But about 10 years ago, scientists documented a dainty relative of the hammerhead shark, known as a bonnethead shark, consuming copious2 amounts of seagrass.
锤头鲨通常不被认为是素食主义者。甚至是杂食动物。但大约10年前,科学家记录了锤头鲨(又称bonnethead shark)的一种精致的近亲,它消耗了大量的海草。
"A lot of people kind of just thought they were consuming it incidentally, after going after crabs3 and squid and other little invertebrates4 that live in the seagrass meadows." Samantha Leigh, a PhD candidate at the University of California, Irvine. "So everyone thought they were kind of just passing it through their system and not really getting anything from it."
“很多人都认为他们只是顺便吃了它,在追赶螃蟹、乌贼和其他生活在海草草原上的无脊椎动物之后。”萨曼莎·利(Samantha Leigh)是加州大学欧文分校(University of California, Irvine)的博士生。“所以每个人都认为他们只是在通过他们的系统传递信息,并没有从中得到任何东西。”
So Leigh and her colleagues hauled five of the small sharks back to a Florida lab, and put them on a three-week diet: 90 percent seagrass, 10 percent squid. And analyzed5 the digestibility of that diet. Turns out, the sharks actually put on pounds, and were able to digest the seagrass just as well as young green sea turtles do.
于是,利和她的同事们把5条小鲨鱼带回了佛罗里达的实验室,让它们吃上三周的食物:90%的海草,10%的乌贼。并分析了其消化率。事实证明,鲨鱼的体重实际上增加了,它们能像年轻的绿海龟那样消化海草。
"It seems like even though the bonnethead shark has what scientists would deem a carnivorous gut6, they are definitely acting7 like omnivores. So there's probably something going on, on probably a microbial level, that's helping8 them break down this seagrass."The full nutrition info is in the Proceedings9 of the Royal Society B.
“看起来,尽管锤头鲨拥有科学家认为的食肉肠道,但它们的行为确实像杂食动物。”所以可能有某种东西,在微生物水平上,帮助它们分解海草。营养信息刊登在《英国皇家学会学报B》上.
The study also gives coastal10 ecosystem11 managers something new to chew on: these sharks are like lawnmowers, trimming the seagrass, digesting it, and, yes, recycling it. "So they likely play more of a stabilizing12 role in food web dynamics13. They're not a top apex14 predator15. And they're probably playing a large role in nutrient16 transport in those seagrass meadow ecosystems17 as well." As for whether we might convince more sharks to have a side salad with dinner? "I don't know that we'll be able to do that anytime soon."
这项研究也给了海岸生态系统管理者一些新的东西去咀嚼:这些鲨鱼就像割草机,修剪海草,消化,是的,循环利用。因此,它们可能在食物网络的动态中扮演更稳定的角色。它们不是顶级掠食者。它们也可能在海草草甸生态系统的营养运输中扮演着重要的角色。至于我们是否可以说服更多的鲨鱼在晚餐时吃副沙拉呢?“我不知道我们很快就能做到。”
1 vegetarians | |
n.吃素的人( vegetarian的名词复数 );素食者;素食主义者;食草动物 | |
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2 copious | |
adj.丰富的,大量的 | |
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3 crabs | |
n.蟹( crab的名词复数 );阴虱寄生病;蟹肉v.捕蟹( crab的第三人称单数 ) | |
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4 invertebrates | |
n.无脊椎动物( invertebrate的名词复数 ) | |
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5 analyzed | |
v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析 | |
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6 gut | |
n.[pl.]胆量;内脏;adj.本能的;vt.取出内脏 | |
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7 acting | |
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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8 helping | |
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的 | |
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9 proceedings | |
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报 | |
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10 coastal | |
adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的 | |
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11 ecosystem | |
n.生态系统 | |
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12 stabilizing | |
n.稳定化处理[退火]v.(使)稳定, (使)稳固( stabilize的现在分词 ) | |
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13 dynamics | |
n.力学,动力学,动力,原动力;动态 | |
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14 apex | |
n.顶点,最高点 | |
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15 predator | |
n.捕食其它动物的动物;捕食者 | |
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16 nutrient | |
adj.营养的,滋养的;n.营养物,营养品 | |
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17 ecosystems | |
n.生态系统( ecosystem的名词复数 ) | |
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