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英语听力:VOA双语新闻 1、奥拉基之死意义重大

时间:2011-11-12 06:20来源:互联网 提供网友:laura6688   字体: [ ]
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  The death of a senior al-Qaida figure by a U.S. air strike in Yemen leaves a gap in the senior ranks of what counterterrorism officials say is the most lethal1 of the group's franchises2, Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). But how significant a gap is open to question. Was Anwar al-Awlaki primarily an inspirational figure to would-be jihadists? Or did he play a significant operational role for the group as well?
美国在也门的一次空袭击毙了基地组织的一名高级头目,这使得基地组织阿拉伯半岛分支的高层出现空缺,反恐官员说,这对该分支造成致命的打击。问题在于,这一空缺有多严重。安瓦尔·奥拉基主要是一个励志人物,还是他在基地组织的运作中发挥了重要作用?
Former CIA director Michael Hayden says the death of Anwar al-Awlaki is significant, but not as significant as the death of Osama bin3 Laden4. In an interview with VOA, Hayden says Awlaki's death will not have great operational impact on al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula because his primary role was as an inspirational figure.
前美国中央情报局局长迈克尔·海登说,安瓦尔·奥拉基之死意义重大,但是不像本·拉登之死那么重要。海登在接受美国之音的采访时说,奥拉基之死不会对基地组织阿拉伯半岛分支的运作造成巨大影响,因为他主要是一个励志人物。
"It's a big deal," said Hayden. "And if you regard, as I do, the most serious current threat to be the self-radicalized, one-off, low-threshold person legitimately5 inside the United States, this undercuts that effort over the long term because he truly was an inspirational figure. But in terms of making al-Qaida shudder6 as an organization, this isn't in the same league as bin Laden."
海登说:“这是件大事。如果你我都认为目前最严重的威胁是那些自发的、单打独干的、可以在美国合法居住的激进分子,那么奥拉基被打死从长远来看就削弱了这方面的努力,因为他的确是一个励志人物。但是,要说到是否能震慑到基地组织,他与本拉登不是同一个量级的人物。”
With his flawless, idiom-laden English skills, the American-born Islamic cleric could reach disaffected7 young Muslims in the West and inspire them to mount attacks. It was a skill precious to al-Qaida as it sought to ramp8 up attacks on Western targets, but found itself increasingly constrained9 by Western counterterrorism efforts.
美国出生的伊斯兰教士奥拉基能讲非常流利的英语,他能在西方接触到心怀不满的年轻穆斯林,并鼓励他们发动袭击。对于寻求加强袭击西方目标的基地组织来说,这是很宝贵的技能,但是基地组织感到日益受到西方反恐努力的限制。
But Hayden points out that Awlaki was viewed in the U.S. as more significant than he actually was because of his background.
不过海登指出,在美国,奥拉基被视为比实际上更有影响力,原因在于他的背景。
"He was an American," said Hayden. "He knew our jargon10 and knew our culture, could relate to people here. And because of that - how to put this? It was much easier for us to understand the threat coming from him because of who he was and his background, if you know what I mean. It's almost a natural that he floats to the top in the broad popular coverage11 of the threat, because he was easier for us to talk about, easier for us to explain, easier for us to focus on."
海登说:“他是个美国人。他知道我们的行话,了解我们的文化,他能与美国人建立联系。正因为如此,怎么说呢,我们很容易理解他带来的威胁,因为他这个人和他的背景。你知道我是什么意思。几乎很自然地他成为美国眼中的头号恐怖威胁,因为他更容易被我们所谈及,更容易解释,更容易被我们关注。”
An analysis by the private intelligence firm, Stratfor, cautions against overstating Awlaki's role in AQAP. It points out that he was not the group's leader - that post is held by Nasir al-Wahayshi - and was not even the group's primary religious leader.
一个专门研究情报信息的公司提醒各界不要过份夸大奥拉基生前在也门阿拉伯半岛基地组织内的作用。斯特拉特福尔情报信息公司分析说,奥拉基其实既不是阿拉伯半岛基地组织的负责人,甚至也不是该组织宗教事务方面最主要的负责人。阿拉伯半岛基地组织的头子实际上是瓦哈伊实(Nasir al-Wahayshi)。
But Michael Leiter, who until earlier this year was chief of America's National Counterterrorism Center, disagrees on Awlaki's significance.
不过,对这一点,也有不同的看法。美国前国家反恐中心的负责人莱特尔认为,奥拉基生前在阿拉伯半岛基地组织的运作上发挥了相当大的作用。
In a separate VOA interview, Leiter says Awlaki played a very large part in planning AQAP's operations. He points to Awlaki's pivotal role in such plots at trying to blow up an aircraft over Detroit on December 25, 2009, and a plan to plant bombs on U.S.-bound cargo12 planes as evidence that his death will have a profound impact on AQAP operationally as well as ideologically13.
莱特尔指出,无论是2009年12月25号策划炸毁一架飞抵底特律的飞机、还是企图在飞往美国货运飞机上安放炸弹,所有这些行动,奥拉基都是一个重要角色。也正因为如此,他的死对于阿拉伯半岛基地组织,无论是从具体的运作还是从理念的整合来说,都是意义重大。
"I think it's significant on both the operational and inspirational front," said Leiter. "First and foremost, Anwar al-Awlaki was in fact the chief of external operations for al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula. He had planned and directed attacks against the U.S., most notably14 the failed Christmas Day attack, and then the plot to attack two cargo planes. And his loss in that sense is very, very significant."
莱特尔说:“在我看来,从运作和调动人心两方面来说,奥拉基的死影响都很大。首先,奥拉基事实上就是负责阿拉伯半岛基地组织外部运作的,他策划并且指挥了对美国的袭击行动,最突出的就是那次没有成功的、策划在2009年圣诞节炸毁飞机的事件,另外就是策划炸毁两架美国货运飞机。他的死,从这个意义上讲,确实很重要。”
Leiter says Awlaki's American background made him operationally creative, thinking up plots aimed at harming America psychologically as well as physically15, and seeking to obtain weapons of mass destruction.
莱特尔表示,奥拉基出生在美国的背景在他生前有助于他想尽办法,来“治”美国人,包括从心理上和物质上两方面下手,他还想获得大规模杀伤性武器。
"He was quite imaginative," Leiter added. "And he also understood American psychology16 in a way that led him to try attacks that I think he understood would be particularly terrorizing. So he was both imaginative and also insightful in many ways."
莱特尔说:“这家伙还蛮有创意的,而且他深知美国人的心理状态,所以他想出的那些主意,也都是如何能够造成最大的恐怖效果。所以说,他在很多方面很有创意和洞察力。”
Analysts17 expect AQAP to try to regroup to make up for Awlaki's loss. Former counterterrorism chief Leiter says Awlaki, like bin Laden, was obsessed18 with attacking the U.S. and the West, and believes his death may cause AQAP to shift its focus back somewhat to local targets in Yemen.
分析人士普遍认为,奥拉基被打死之后,阿拉伯半岛基地组织很快将重组。莱特尔说,奥拉基生前像本·拉登一样,把很多注意力都放在如何对美国和西方国家发动大规模攻击上。莱特尔说,奥拉基被打死之后,阿拉伯半岛基地组织有可能把重点和视线在某种程度上转移到也门本土的目标。
He adds that there are others in the group who will continue to try to inspire - which happens to be the title of Awlaki's English-language jihadist magazine - more disaffected young Muslims to attack the U.S. But he says they will find that difficult.
莱特尔还补充说,继奥拉基之后,该组织内部还会有人想要步他的后尘,继续煽动、鼓舞那些对现实不满的年青的穆斯林去从事恐怖行为,但是,这个角色恐怕也不是谁都能扮演的。奥拉基生前创办的杂志的名称就是“鼓舞”。
"They still have some very dangerous people over there," said Leiter. "They have expertise19 that helps create some of the weapons that were used in Awlaki's attacks. There are other English-speaking ideologues there who are attempting to radicalize Westerners and plotting against the United States. But Awlaki was iconic in a way that these others, I think, truly are not to a broader audience."
莱特尔说:“还有一些危险份子在那儿,他们也懂得如何制造恐怖袭击的武器,也有其他会讲英文的想要煽动反美和反西方情绪的人,但是,其他人或许做不到像奥拉基那样,煽动很大一批人。”
Awlaki's final issue of "Inspire," published in July, contains a eulogy20 for Osama bin Laden, a poem for the prisoners held in U.S. custody21 in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and pictorial22 instruction on how to handle an AK-47 automatic assault rifle.
奥拉基创办的最后一期“鼓舞”杂志在今年七月出版,其中的内容包括一篇纪念本·拉登的悼文,一首写给被关押在古巴关塔纳摩湾美军基地的囚犯的诗,以及如何使用AK-47自动枪的图解。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 lethal D3LyB     
adj.致死的;毁灭性的
参考例句:
  • A hammer can be a lethal weapon.铁锤可以是致命的武器。
  • She took a lethal amount of poison and died.她服了致命剂量的毒药死了。
2 franchises ef6665e7cd0e166d2f4deb0f4f26c671     
n.(尤指选举议员的)选举权( franchise的名词复数 );参政权;获特许权的商业机构(或服务);(公司授予的)特许经销权v.给…以特许权,出售特许权( franchise的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • TV franchises will be auctioned to the highest bidder. 电视特许经营权将拍卖给出价最高的投标人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Ford dealerships operated as independent franchises. 福特汽车公司的代销商都是独立的联营商。 来自辞典例句
3 bin yR2yz     
n.箱柜;vt.放入箱内;[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件
参考例句:
  • He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
  • He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。
4 laden P2gx5     
adj.装满了的;充满了的;负了重担的;苦恼的
参考例句:
  • He is laden with heavy responsibility.他肩负重任。
  • Dragging the fully laden boat across the sand dunes was no mean feat.将满载货物的船拖过沙丘是一件了不起的事。
5 legitimately 7pmzHS     
ad.合法地;正当地,合理地
参考例句:
  • The radio is legitimately owned by the company. 该电台为这家公司所合法拥有。
  • She looked for nothing save what might come legitimately and without the appearance of special favour. 她要的并不是男人们的额外恩赐,而是合法正当地得到的工作。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
6 shudder JEqy8     
v.战粟,震动,剧烈地摇晃;n.战粟,抖动
参考例句:
  • The sight of the coffin sent a shudder through him.看到那副棺材,他浑身一阵战栗。
  • We all shudder at the thought of the dreadful dirty place.我们一想到那可怕的肮脏地方就浑身战惊。
7 disaffected 5uNzaI     
adj.(政治上)不满的,叛离的
参考例句:
  • He attracts disaffected voters.他吸引了心怀不满的选民们。
  • Environmental issues provided a rallying point for people disaffected with the government.环境问题把对政府不满的人们凝聚了起来。
8 ramp QTgxf     
n.暴怒,斜坡,坡道;vi.作恐吓姿势,暴怒,加速;vt.加速
参考例句:
  • That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
  • The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。
9 constrained YvbzqU     
adj.束缚的,节制的
参考例句:
  • The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 证据是那样的令人折服,他觉得不得不接受。
  • I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness. 我不得不写信请你原谅。
10 jargon I3sxk     
n.术语,行话
参考例句:
  • They will not hear critics with their horrible jargon.他们不愿意听到评论家们那些可怕的行话。
  • It is important not to be overawed by the mathematical jargon.要紧的是不要被数学的术语所吓倒.
11 coverage nvwz7v     
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
参考例句:
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
12 cargo 6TcyG     
n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物
参考例句:
  • The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
  • A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。
13 ideologically 349bb0b6ec9b7a33bdbe738c47039eae     
adv. 意识形态上地,思想上地
参考例句:
  • Ideologically, they have many differences. 在思想意识上,他们之间有许多不同之处。
  • He has slipped back ideologically. 他思想退步了。
14 notably 1HEx9     
adv.值得注意地,显著地,尤其地,特别地
参考例句:
  • Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席,特别是连班长也没来。
  • A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小,一头银发,每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。
15 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
16 psychology U0Wze     
n.心理,心理学,心理状态
参考例句:
  • She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
  • He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。
17 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448     
分析家,化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
18 obsessed 66a4be1417f7cf074208a6d81c8f3384     
adj.心神不宁的,鬼迷心窍的,沉迷的
参考例句:
  • He's obsessed by computers. 他迷上了电脑。
  • The fear of death obsessed him throughout his old life. 他晚年一直受着死亡恐惧的困扰。
19 expertise fmTx0     
n.专门知识(或技能等),专长
参考例句:
  • We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes.他斜坡滑雪的技能使我们赞叹不已。
  • You really have the technical expertise in a new breakthrough.让你真正在专业技术上有一个全新的突破。
20 eulogy 0nuxj     
n.颂词;颂扬
参考例句:
  • He needs no eulogy from me or from any other man. 他不需要我或者任何一个人来称颂。
  • Mr.Garth gave a long eulogy about their achievements in the research.加思先生对他们的研究成果大大地颂扬了一番。
21 custody Qntzd     
n.监护,照看,羁押,拘留
参考例句:
  • He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
  • He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后,他立即被押了起来。
22 pictorial PuWy6     
adj.绘画的;图片的;n.画报
参考例句:
  • The had insisted on a full pictorial coverage of the event.他们坚持要对那一事件做详尽的图片报道。
  • China Pictorial usually sells out soon after it hits the stands.《人民画报》往往一到报摊就销售一空。
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