TED演讲:为何闪亮的玻璃高楼对城市生活有害(2)_在线英语听力室

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

But that's getting harder to do, because cities are becoming smooth. 但这样的机会已经越来越少了，因为城市正在变得光滑。

New downtowns sprout¹ towers that are almost always made of concrete and steel and covered in glass. 高塔在市中心拔地而起，但却几乎全是有着被玻璃覆盖表面的钢筋混凝土。

You can look at skylines all over the world -- Houston, Guangzhou, Frankfurt 看看世界各地的城市天际线吧--休斯顿，广州，法兰克福，

and you see the same army of high-gloss robots marching over the horizon. 你会看见那些一模一样的高抛光机器人大军正在水平面上前行。

Now, just think of everything we lose when architects stop using the full range of available materials. 现在，让我们想想当建筑师们不再使用那么多可用的材料时，我们将失去的一切。

When we reject granite² and limestone³ and sandstone and wood and copper⁴ and terra-cotta and brick and wattle and plaster, 当我们抛弃了花岗岩、石灰岩、砂岩、木材、铜片、陶瓦、砖、篱枝或是石膏，

we simplify architecture and we impoverish⁵ cities. 我们简化了这些建筑，我们抛光了整个城市。

It's as if you reduced all of the world's cuisines⁶ down to airline food. 这就好比把世界各地的美食简化成飞机餐。

Chicken or pasta? But worse still, 鸡肉和通心粉二选一？但是更槽糕的是，

assemblies of glass towers like this one in Moscow suggest a disdain⁷ for the civic⁸ and communal⁹ aspects of urban living. Right? 那些像是在莫斯科的这种玻璃高楼的组合，其实暗含着一种对于城市社会生活的歧视。对吧？

Buildings like these are intended to enrich their owners and tenants¹⁰, 像这样的建筑都成为了招揽开发商或是入驻公司的手段，

but not necessarily the lives of the rest of us, those of us who navigate¹¹ the spaces between the buildings. 而它们对于每天穿行其中的我们来说却没有太多存在的意义。

And we expect to do so for free. 而我们正在自觉接受这样免费的存在。

Shiny towers are an invasive species and they are choking our cities and killing¹² off public space. 亮晶晶的高塔是一种入侵物种，而它们的存在窒息了我们的城市，也碾压了我们的公共空间。

We tend to think of a facade¹³ as being like makeup¹⁴, 我们趋向于把建筑的外表当作被粉饰的门面，

a decorative¹⁵ layer applied¹⁶ at the end to a building that's effectively complete. 最后附上的装饰层，会让建筑看起来很完整。

But just because a facade is superficial doesn't mean it's not also deep. 但是一个轻薄的外表并不意味着建筑本身没有深度。

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收听单词发音

1 sprout
n.芽，萌芽；vt.使发芽，摘去芽；vi.长芽，抽条
参考例句：
When do deer first sprout horns?鹿在多大的时候开始长出角？ It takes about a week for the seeds to sprout.这些种子大约要一周后才会发芽。

2 granite
adj.花岗岩，花岗石
参考例句：
They squared a block of granite.他们把一块花岗岩加工成四方形。 The granite overlies the older rocks.花岗岩躺在磨损的岩石上面。

3 limestone
n.石灰石
参考例句：
Limestone is often used in building construction.石灰岩常用于建筑。 Cement is made from limestone.水泥是由石灰石制成的。

4 copper
n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的
参考例句：
The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。 Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。

5 impoverish
vt.使穷困，使贫困
参考例句：
We need to reduce the burden of taxes that impoverish the economy.我们需要减轻导致经济困顿的税收负荷。 America still has enough credibility to a more profitable path that would impoverish its creditors slowly.美国尚有足够的信用来让其得以选择一条更加有利可图的路径使它的债权人们渐渐贫困枯竭。

6 cuisines
n.烹饪( cuisine的名词复数 )；菜肴；（通常指昂贵的饭店中的）饭菜；烹饪艺术
参考例句：
Could you tell me the different features of these cuisines? 能不能告诉我这些不同的烹调流派各自有哪些特点？来自地道口语脱口SHOW 高中超越版 Ice sculptures are used as decorations in some cuisines, especially in Asia. 冰雕在某些菜肴中被当作装饰品，尤其在亚洲。来自互联网

7 disdain
n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑
参考例句：
Some people disdain labour.有些人轻视劳动。 A great man should disdain flatterers.伟大的人物应鄙视献媚者。

8 civic
adj.城市的，都市的，市民的，公民的
参考例句：
I feel it is my civic duty to vote.我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务。 The civic leaders helped to forward the project.市政府领导者协助促进工程的进展。

9 communal
adj.公有的，公共的，公社的，公社制的
参考例句：
There was a communal toilet on the landing for the four flats.在楼梯平台上有一处公共卫生间供4套公寓使用。 The toilets and other communal facilities were in a shocking state.厕所及其他公共设施的状况极其糟糕。

10 tenants
n.房客( tenant的名词复数 )；佃户；占用者；占有者
参考例句：
A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent. 许多房客因不付房租被赶了出来。 Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。

11 navigate
v.航行，飞行；导航，领航
参考例句：
He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。 Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。

12 killing
n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财
参考例句：
Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。 Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

13 facade
n.(建筑物的)正面，临街正面；外表
参考例句：
The entrance facade consists of a large full height glass door.入口正面有一大型全高度玻璃门。 If you look carefully,you can see through Bob's facade.如果你仔细观察，你就能看穿鲍勃的外表。

14 makeup
n.组织；性格；化装品
参考例句：
Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。 Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗？

15 decorative
adj.装饰的，可作装饰的
参考例句：
This ware is suitable for decorative purpose but unsuitable for utility.这种器皿中看不中用。 The style is ornate and highly decorative.这种风格很华丽，而且装饰效果很好。

16 applied
adj.应用的；v.应用，适用
参考例句：
She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。 This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

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TED演讲:为何闪亮的玻璃高楼对城市生活有害(2)